Spark on Kubernetes
使用方法：
安装Spark Operator
Spark Operator是专门针对Spark on Kubernetes设计的operator，开发者可以通过使用CRD的方式，提交Spark任务到Kubernetes集群中。使用Spark Operator有如下三个重要的优势：
1. 弥补原生Spark对Kubernetes支持不足的部分。
2. 快速和Kubernetes生态中的存储、监控、日志等组件对接。
3. 支持故障恢复、弹性伸缩、调度优化等高级Kubernetes的特性。
说明 开发者可以阿里云容器服务Kubernetes的控制台的应用目录搜索 ack-spark-operator 进行安装。其中sparkJobNamespace是需要部署spark作业的命名空间，默认为default，置空字符串表示所有命名空间都监听。
此外，Spark作业还需要一个ServiceAccount用来创建Pod的权限，开发者修改下面的serviceAccount、role、rolebinding的namespace，在所需的namespace下建立serviceAccount和权限绑定。
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: spark
namespace: default
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
namespace: default
name: spark-role
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["pods"]
verbs: ["*"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services"]
verbs: ["*"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: spark-role-binding
namespace: default
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: spark
namespace: default
roleRef:
kind: Role
name: spark-role
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io构建作业镜像
编译Spark作业的Jar，使用Dockerfile进行镜像打包，以阿里云容器服务的spark基础镜像为例，设置Dockerfile内容如下:
FROM registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs/spark:ack-2.4.5-latest
RUN mkdir -p /opt/spark/jars
# 如果需要使用OSS（读取OSS数据或者离线Event到OSS),可以添加下面的Jar到镜像中
ADD https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/aliyun/odps/hadoop-fs-oss/3.3.8-public/hadoop-fs-oss-3.3.8-public.jar $SPARK_HOME/jars
ADD https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/aliyun/oss/aliyun-sdk-oss/3.8.1/aliyun-sdk-oss-3.8.1.jar $SPARK_HOME/jars
ADD https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/aspectj/aspectjweaver/1.9.5/aspectjweaver-1.9.5.jar $SPARK_HOME/jars
ADD https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/jdom/jdom/1.1.3/jdom-1.1.3.jar $SPARK_HOME/jars
COPY SparkExampleScala-assembly-0.1.jar /opt/spark/jars注意 阿里云提供了Spark2.4.5的基础镜像，针对Kubernetes场景（调度、弹性）进行了优化，建议使用阿里云基础镜像。
构建ImageCache进行镜像加速
Spark镜像的尺寸较大，拉取的数目会比较慢，可以通过ImageCache的方式实现镜像缓存启动加速。具体的制作流程参考：https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/141241.html
编写作业模板
一个典型对作业模板如下：
apiVersion: "sparkoperator.k8s.io/v1beta2"
kind: SparkApplication
metadata:
name: spark-pi
namespace: default
spec:
type: Scala
mode: cluster
image: "registry.aliyuncs.com/acs/spark-pi:ack-2.4.5-latest"
imagePullPolicy: Always
mainClass: org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi
mainApplicationFile: "local:///opt/spark/examples/jars/spark-examples_2.11-2.4.5.jar"
sparkVersion: "2.4.5"
restartPolicy:
type: Never
driver:
cores: 2
coreLimit: "2"
memory: "3g"
memoryOverhead: "1g"
labels:
version: 2.4.5
serviceAccount: spark
annotations:
k8s.aliyun.com/eci-kube-proxy-enabled: 'true'
k8s.aliyun.com/eci-image-cache: "true"
tolerations:
- key: "virtual-kubelet.io/provider"
operator: "Exists"
executor:
cores: 2
instances: 1
memory: "3g"
memoryOverhead: "1g"
labels:
version: 2.4.5
annotations:
k8s.aliyun.com/eci-kube-proxy-enabled: 'true'
k8s.aliyun.com/eci-image-cache: "true"
tolerations:
- key: "virtual-kubelet.io/provider"
operator: "Exists"更多字段的解释和信息可以参考<a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/spark-on-k8s-operator/blob/master/docs/api-docs.md">文档</a>，默认开发者可以仿照模板进行修改。
日志与历史服务器
日志采集配置
我们以spark的标准输出以及错误输出日志收集为例，可以在Spark driver和executor的envVars字段中注入环境变量，实现日志的日志的自动采集。
envVars:
aliyun_logs_project: liumi-k8s-spark
aliyun_logs_machinegroup: k8s-group-app-spark
aliyun_logs_test-stdout: stdout只需要提交作业的时候设置executor和driver的环境变量即可自动的日志收集，我们以上面的设置为例，语义是将该pod的标准输出、错误输出日志收集到liumi-k8s-spark这个sls项目的test-stdout日志仓库，效果如下：
更多的设置可以参考:历史服务器:
历史服务器是审计Spark作业的最佳事件，在应用中可以通过在SparkApplicaiton的CRD中SparkConf字段的方式，将event写入到oss，再通过历史服务器读取oss的方式进行展现。
sparkConf:
"spark.eventLog.enabled": "true"
"spark.eventLog.dir": "oss://bigdatastore/spark-events"
"spark.hadoop.fs.oss.impl": "org.apache.hadoop.fs.aliyun.oss.AliyunOSSFileSystem"
# oss bucket endpoint such as oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
"spark.hadoop.fs.oss.endpoint": "oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com"
"spark.hadoop.fs.oss.accessKeySecret": ""
"spark.hadoop.fs.oss.accessKeyId": ""
阿里云也提供了spark-history-server的Chart，开发者可以通过在容器服务控制台的应用目录中，搜索`ack-spark-history-server`进行安装。
oss:
enableOSS: true
# Please input your accessKeyId
alibabaCloudAccessKeyId: ""
# Please input your accessKeySecret
alibabaCloudAccessKeySecret: ""
# oss bucket endpoint such as oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
alibabaCloudOSSEndpoint: "oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com"
# oss file path such as oss://bucket-name/path
eventsDir: "oss://bigdatastore/spark-events"安装完毕后，可以在服务中看到ack-spark-history-server的对外地址，访问对外地址即可查看历史任务归档。
查看作业结果
1. 查看Pods的执行情况
kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
spark-pi-1547981232122-driver 1/1 Running 0 12s
spark-pi-1547981232122-exec-1 1/1 Running 0 3s2.查看实时spark ui
kubectl port-forward spark-pi-1547981232122-driver 4040:40403.查看Spark App的状态
## 查询任务
kubectl describe sparkapplication spark-pi
## 任务结果
Name: spark-pi
Namespace: default
Labels: <none>
Annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
{"apiVersion":"sparkoperator.k8s.io/v1alpha1","kind":"SparkApplication","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"spark-pi","namespace":"defaul...
API Version: sparkoperator.k8s.io/v1alpha1
Kind: SparkApplication
Metadata:
Creation Timestamp: 2019-01-20T10:47:08Z
Generation: 1
Resource Version: 4923532
Self Link: /apis/sparkoperator.k8s.io/v1alpha1/namespaces/default/sparkapplications/spark-pi
UID: bbe7445c-1ca0-11e9-9ad4-062fd7c19a7b
Spec:
Deps:
Driver:
Core Limit: 200m
Cores: 0.1
Labels:
Version: 2.4.0
Memory: 512m
Service Account: spark
Volume Mounts:
Mount Path: /tmp
Name: test-volume
Executor:
Cores: 1
Instances: 1
Labels:
Version: 2.4.0
Memory: 512m
Volume Mounts:
Mount Path: /tmp
Name: test-volume
Image: gcr.io/spark-operator/spark:v2.4.0
Image Pull Policy: Always
Main Application File: local:///opt/spark/examples/jars/spark-examples_2.11-2.4.0.jar
Main Class: org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi
Mode: cluster
Restart Policy:
Type: Never
Type: Scala
Volumes:
Host Path:
Path: /tmp
Type: Directory
Name: test-volume
Status:
Application State:
Error Message:
State: COMPLETED
Driver Info:
Pod Name: spark-pi-driver
Web UI Port: 31182
Web UI Service Name: spark-pi-ui-svc
Execution Attempts: 1
Executor State:
Spark - Pi - 1547981232122 - Exec - 1: COMPLETED
Last Submission Attempt Time: 2019-01-20T10:47:14Z
Spark Application Id: spark-application-1547981285779
Submission Attempts: 1
Termination Time: 2019-01-20T10:48:56Z
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal SparkApplicationAdded 55m spark-operator SparkApplication spark-pi was added, Enqueuing it for submission
Normal SparkApplicationSubmitted 55m spark-operator SparkApplication spark-pi was submitted successfully
Normal SparkDriverPending 55m (x2 over 55m) spark-operator Driver spark-pi-driver is pending
Normal SparkExecutorPending 54m (x3 over 54m) spark-operator Executor spark-pi-1547981232122-exec-1 is pending
Normal SparkExecutorRunning 53m (x4 over 54m) spark-operator Executor spark-pi-1547981232122-exec-1 is running
Normal SparkDriverRunning 53m (x12 over 55m) spark-operator Driver spark-pi-driver is running
Normal SparkExecutorCompleted 53m (x2 over 53m) spark-operator Executor spark-pi-1547981232122-exec-1 completed4.获取任务执行结果
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
spark-pi-1547981232122-driver 0/1 Completed 0 1m当sparkApplication的的状态为succeed或者spark driver的Pod为completed的时候，可以查看日志获取结果。
kubectl logs spark-pi-1547981232122-driver
Pi is roughly 3.152155760778804常见问题
- 阿里云的Spark基础镜像提供了哪些能力增强，怎么开启。
阿里云的Spark基础镜像针对Spark on Kubernetes的场景进行了调度优化，尤其是针对serverless场景，调度速度提升30倍，启动速度提升50%。可以通过设置Helm Chart的变量中`enableAlibabaCloudFeatureGates：true`的方式开启，如果希望达到更快的启动速度，可以设置`enableWebhook: false`。
在文档使用中是否遇到以下问题
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