Select the right CPU, memory, connections, IOPS, and storage combination for your ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL workload. Instance types are organized by RDS edition and instance family.
For differences between standard and YiTian product types, see Product types.
Before you begin
Note the following when selecting an instance type:
-
Availability: Available instance types vary by region. The buy page shows only instance types supported in your selected region. If you cannot select an instance type during a specification change, it is not available in that region.
-
Serverless instances: RDS for MySQL Serverless instances use RCUs instead of fixed CPU and memory. Their instance type codes follow the same format for compatibility:
mysql.n2.serverless.1c(Basic Edition) andmysql.n2.serverless.2c(High-availability Edition). -
Standard SSD deprecation: Standard SSD is no longer available for some RDS instances. Use ESSD instead. See [EOS/Discontinuation] End of sale for the standard SSD storage type for specific database engines in ApsaraDB RDS from July 01, 2022.
-
Maximum connections: The maximum number of concurrent connections to the RDS instance.
-
Public bandwidth: Cannot be adjusted.
Quick reference: instance families
| Instance family | Description | Scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| General-purpose | Uses resource multiplexing to balance cost and performance. Does not guarantee maximum IOPS or I/O bandwidth. | Workloads with flexible performance requirements or cost-sensitive scenarios. |
| Dedicated | Dedicates most resources for stable performance. Not affected by other instances on the same physical machine. | Core database systems. |
| Dedicated host | Dedicates all resources of a physical server. Top-tier dedicated configuration. Supported only with Premium Local SSDs. | Mission-critical systems such as finance, e-commerce, government, and large- to medium-sized Internet business. |
See Instance families for detailed descriptions of each family.
RDS instances on RDS Basic Edition (with cloud disks)
-
Actual maximum IOPS: Depends on storage type, storage capacity, and instance type. See Maximum IOPS.
-
Actual maximum I/O bandwidth: Depends on storage type, storage capacity, and instance type. See Maximum throughput.
Supported storage types and capacity ranges:
-
PL0 ESSD: 10 GB to 32,000 GB
-
PL1 ESSD: 20 GB to 64,000 GB
-
Premium ESSD: 10 GB to 64,000 GB
-
Standard SSD: 20 GB to 6,000 GB
| RDS edition | Instance family | Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Maximum I/O bandwidth (Mbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RDS Basic Edition | General-purpose | mysql.n2.medium.1 | 2 cores, 4 GB | 4,000 | General-purpose instance types do not guarantee maximum IOPS or I/O bandwidth. For IOPS-sensitive workloads, select a dedicated instance type of the High-availability Edition | (see note) |
| mysql.n4.medium.1 | 2 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | ||||
| mysql.n2.large.1 | 4 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | ||||
| mysql.n4.large.1 | 4 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||||
| mysql.n2.xlarge.1 | 8 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||||
| mysql.n4.xlarge.1 | 8 cores, 32 GB | 10,000 |
RDS instances on RDS High-availability Edition (with cloud disks)
-
Actual maximum IOPS: Depends on storage type, storage capacity, and instance type. See Maximum IOPS.
-
Actual maximum I/O bandwidth: Depends on storage type, storage capacity, and instance type. See Maximum throughput.
Supported storage types and capacity ranges:
-
PL1 ESSD: 20 GB to 64,000 GB
-
PL2 ESSD: 500 GB to 64,000 GB
-
PL3 ESSD: 1,500 GB to 64,000 GB
-
Premium ESSD: 10 GB to 64,000 GB
-
Standard SSD: 20 GB to 6,000 GB
General-purpose instance types
| Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Maximum I/O bandwidth (Mbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mysql.n2.small.2c | 1 core, 2 GB | 2,000 | General-purpose instance types do not guarantee maximum IOPS or I/O bandwidth. For IOPS-sensitive workloads, select a dedicated instance type. | (see note) |
| mysql.n2.medium.2c | 2 cores, 4 GB | 4,000 |
Dedicated instance types
| Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Maximum I/O bandwidth (Mbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mysql.x2.medium.2c | 2 cores, 4 GB | 4,000 | 10,000 | 125 |
| mysql.x4.medium.2c | 2 cores, 4 GB | 6,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.medium.2c | 2 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.large.2c | 4 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | 20,000 | 187.5 |
| mysql.x4.large.2c | 4 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.large.2c | 4 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.xlarge.2c | 8 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | 25,000 | 250 |
| mysql.x4.xlarge.2c | 8 cores, 32 GB | 10,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.xlarge.2c | 8 cores, 64 GB | 16,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.3large.2c | 12 cores, 24 GB | 12,000 | 30,000 | 312.5 |
| mysql.x4.3large.2c | 12 cores, 48 GB | 15,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.3large.2c | 12 cores, 96 GB | 24,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.2xlarge.2c | 16 cores, 32 GB | 16,000 | 40,000 | 375 |
| mysql.x4.2xlarge.2c | 16 cores, 64 GB | 20,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.2xlarge.2c | 16 cores, 128 GB | 32,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.3xlarge.2c | 24 cores, 48 GB | 24,000 | 50,000 | 500 |
| mysql.x4.3xlarge.2c | 24 cores, 96 GB | 30,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.3xlarge.2c | 24 cores, 192 GB | 48,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.4xlarge.2c | 32 cores, 64 GB | 32,000 | 60,000 | 625 |
| mysql.x4.4xlarge.2c | 32 cores, 128 GB | 40,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.4xlarge.2c | 32 cores, 256 GB | 64,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.13large.2c | 52 cores, 96 GB | 52,000 | 100,000 | 1,000 |
| mysql.x4.13large.2c | 52 cores, 192 GB | 65,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.13large.2c | 52 cores, 384 GB | 104,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.8xlarge.2c | 64 cores, 128 GB | 64,000 | 120,000 | 1,025 |
| mysql.x4.8xlarge.2c | 64 cores, 256 GB | 80,000 | 150,000 | |
| mysql.x8.8xlarge.2c | 64 cores, 512 GB | 128,000 | 150,000 | |
| mysql.x2.13xlarge.2c | 104 cores, 192 GB | 104,000 | 200,000 | 2,000 |
| mysql.x4.13xlarge.2c | 104 cores, 384 GB | 130,000 | 200,000 | 2,000 |
| mysql.x8.13xlarge.2c | 104 cores, 768 GB | 208,000 | 200,000 | 2,000 |
| mysql.x4.16xlarge.2c | 128 cores, 512 GB | 128,000 | 300,000 | 2,560 |
RDS for MySQL supports automatic storage scaling when usage reaches a threshold. See Configure automatic expansion for cloud disks.
RDS instances on RDS Cluster Edition (with cloud disks)
RDS Cluster Edition supports MySQL 5.7 and MySQL 8.0.
-
RDS Cluster Edition for ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL is available in some regions. The following table lists supported regions and estimated release dates for other regions. Actual release dates prevail.
-
Actual maximum IOPS: Depends on storage type, storage capacity, and instance type. See Maximum IOPS.
-
Actual maximum I/O bandwidth: Depends on storage type, storage capacity, and instance type. See Maximum throughput.
Supported storage types and capacity ranges:
-
PL1 ESSD: 20 GB to 64,000 GB
-
PL2 ESSD: 500 GB to 64,000 GB
-
PL3 ESSD: 1,500 GB to 64,000 GB
-
Premium ESSD: 10 GB to 64,000 GB
General-purpose instance types
| Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Maximum I/O bandwidth (Mbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mysql.n2.medium.xc | 2 cores, 4 GB | 4,000 | General-purpose instance types do not guarantee maximum IOPS or I/O bandwidth. For IOPS-sensitive workloads, select a dedicated instance type. | (see note) |
| mysql.n4.medium.xc | 2 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | ||
| mysql.n8.medium.xc | 2 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||
| mysql.n2.large.xc | 4 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | ||
| mysql.n4.large.xc | 4 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||
| mysql.n8.large.xc | 4 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | ||
| mysql.n2.xlarge.xc | 8 cores, 16 GB | 12,000 | ||
| mysql.n4.xlarge.xc | 8 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | ||
| mysql.n8.xlarge.xc | 8 cores, 64 GB | 16,000 |
Dedicated instance types
| Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Maximum I/O bandwidth (Mbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mysql.x2.medium.xc | 2 cores, 4 GB | 4,000 | 10,000 | 125 |
| mysql.x4.medium.xc | 2 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.medium.xc | 2 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.large.xc | 4 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | 20,000 | 187.5 |
| mysql.x4.large.xc | 4 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.large.xc | 4 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.xlarge.xc | 8 cores, 16 GB | 12,000 | 25,000 | 250 |
| mysql.x4.xlarge.xc | 8 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.xlarge.xc | 8 cores, 64 GB | 16,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.3large.xc | 12 cores, 24 GB | 12,000 | 30,000 | 312.5 |
| mysql.x4.3large.xc | 12 cores, 48 GB | 15,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.3large.xc | 12 cores, 96 GB | 24,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.2xlarge.xc | 16 cores, 32 GB | 16,000 | 40,000 | 375 |
| mysql.x4.2xlarge.xc | 16 cores, 64 GB | 20,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.2xlarge.xc | 16 cores, 128 GB | 32,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.3xlarge.xc | 24 cores, 48 GB | 24,000 | 50,000 | 500 |
| mysql.x4.3xlarge.xc | 24 cores, 96 GB | 30,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.3xlarge.xc | 24 cores, 192 GB | 48,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.4xlarge.xc | 32 cores, 64 GB | 32,000 | 60,000 | 625 |
| mysql.x4.4xlarge.xc | 32 cores, 128 GB | 40,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.4xlarge.xc | 32 cores, 256 GB | 64,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.13large.xc | 52 cores, 96 GB | 52,000 | 100,000 | 1,000 |
| mysql.x4.13large.xc | 52 cores, 192 GB | 65,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.13large.xc | 52 cores, 384 GB | 104,000 | ||
| mysql.x2.8xlarge.xc | 64 cores, 128 GB | 64,000 | 120,000 | 1,025 |
| mysql.x4.8xlarge.xc | 64 cores, 256 GB | 80,000 | 150,000 | 1,025 |
| mysql.x8.8xlarge.xc | 64 cores, 512 GB | 128,000 | 150,000 | 1,000 |
| mysql.x2.13xlarge.xc | 104 cores, 192 GB | 104,000 | 200,000 | 2,000 |
| mysql.x4.13xlarge.xc | 104 cores, 384 GB | 130,000 | ||
| mysql.x8.13xlarge.xc | 104 cores, 768 GB | 208,000 |
RDS for MySQL supports automatic storage scaling when usage reaches a threshold. See Configure automatic expansion for cloud disks.
RDS instances on RDS High-availability Edition (with Premium Local SSDs)
Starting from 00:00 (Singapore time) on September 19, 2025, the default maximum connections and maximum IOPS for some dedicated instance types with Premium Local SSDs will increase. See [Product/Feature Change] Increased Default Maximum Connections and Maximum IOPS for RDS for MySQL Instances with Premium Local SSDs.
General-purpose instance types
| Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Storage capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rds.mysql.t1.small | 1 core, 1 GB | 300 | 1,200 | 5 GB to 3,000 GB |
| rds.mysql.s1.small | 1 core, 2 GB | 600 | 2,000 | |
| rds.mysql.s2.large | 2 cores, 4 GB | 1,200 | 4,000 | |
| rds.mysql.s2.xlarge | 2 cores, 8 GB | 2,000 | 6,000 | |
| rds.mysql.s3.large | 4 cores, 8 GB | 2,000 | 8,000 | |
| rds.mysql.m1.medium | 4 cores, 16 GB | 4,000 | 14,000 | |
| rds.mysql.c1.large | 8 cores, 16 GB | 4,000 | 20,000 | 5 GB to 4,000 GB |
| rds.mysql.c1.xlarge | 8 cores, 32 GB | 8,000 | 28,000 | |
| rds.mysql.c2.xlarge | 16 cores, 64 GB | 16,000 | 40,000 | 20 GB to 12,000 GB |
| rds.mysql.c2.xlp2 | 16 cores, 96 GB | 24,000 | 40,000 |
Dedicated instance types
| Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Storage capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mysql.x2.medium.2 | 2 cores, 4 GB | 4,000 | 15,000 | 20 GB to 3,000 GB |
| mysql.x4.medium.2 | 2 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | 20,000 | |
| mysql.x6.medium.2 | 2 cores, 12 GB | 7,000 | 25,000 | |
| mysql.x8.medium.2 | 2 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | 30,000 | |
| mysql.x2.large.2 | 4 cores, 8 GB | 6,000 | 30,000 | |
| mysql.x4.large.2 | 4 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | 40,000 | |
| mysql.x6.large.2 | 4 cores, 24 GB | 10,000 | 40,000 | |
| mysql.x8.large.2 | 4 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | 60,000 | |
| mysql.x2.xlarge.2 | 8 cores, 16 GB | 8,000 | 45,000 | 20 GB to 4,000 GB |
| mysql.x4.xlarge.2 | 8 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | 60,000 | |
| mysql.x6.xlarge.2 | 8 cores, 48 GB | 14,000 | 60,000 | |
| mysql.x8.xlarge.2 | 8 cores, 64 GB | 16,000 | 90,000 | |
| mysql.x2.2xlarge.2 | 16 cores, 32 GB | 12,000 | 60,000 | 20 GB to 12,000 GB |
| mysql.x4.2xlarge.2 | 16 cores, 64 GB | 16,000 | 75,000 | |
| mysql.x6.2xlarge.2 | 16 cores, 96 GB | 24,000 | 75,000 | |
| mysql.x8.2xlarge.2 | 16 cores, 128 GB | 32,000 | 105,000 | |
| mysql.x2.4xlarge.2 | 32 cores, 64 GB | 16,000 | 80,000 | 20 GB to 16,000 GB |
| mysql.x4.4xlarge.2 | 32 cores, 128 GB | 32,000 | 105,000 | |
| mysql.x6.4xlarge.2 | 32 cores, 192 GB | 36,000 | 120,000 | |
| mysql.x8.4xlarge.2 | 32 cores, 256 GB | 40,000 | 135,000 | |
| mysql.x2.8xlarge.2 | 64 cores, 128 GB | 32,000 | 140,000 | |
| mysql.x4.8xlarge.2 | 64 cores, 256 GB | 40,000 | 150,000 | |
| mysql.x6.8xlarge.2 | 64 cores, 384 GB | 60,000 | 150,000 | |
| mysql.x8.8xlarge.2 | 64 cores, 512 GB | 80,000 | 150,000 |
Dedicated host instance types
| Instance type | CPU and memory | Maximum number of connections (default value) | Maximum IOPS | Storage capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rds.mysql.st.h43 | 60 cores, 470 GB | 100,000 | 150,000 | |
| rds.mysql.st.v52 | 90 cores, 720 GB | 150,000 | 150,000 |
Phased-out ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instance types
The following instance types are phased out with these restrictions:
-
Cannot be selected when creating a new RDS instance.
-
Can be upgraded to some available instance types.
-
Cannot generate orders (such as storage capacity changes) for instances using phased-out types.
Upgrade to the most recent instance type. See Change instance configurations.
Phased-out instance types do not support some new features. Upgrade to the most recent instance type.
| Instance type | Number of CPU cores | Memory capacity | Maximum number of connections |
|---|---|---|---|
| rds.mys2.small | 2 | 240 MB | 60 |
| rds.mys2.mid | 4 | 600 MB | 150 |
| rds.mys2.standard | 6 | 1,200 MB | 300 |
| rds.mys2.large | 8 | 2,400 MB | 600 |
| rds.mys2.xlarge | 9 | 6,000 MB | 1,500 |
| rds.mys2.2xlarge | 10 | 12,000 MB | 2,000 |
| rds.mys2.4xlarge | 11 | 24,000 MB | 2,000 |
| rds.mys2.8xlarge | 13 | 48,000 MB | 2,000 |
| rds.mysql.st.d13 | 30 | 220 GB | 64,000 |
| mysql.x8.medium.3 | 2 | 16 GB | 2,500 |
| mysql.x4.large.3 | 4 | 16 GB | 2,500 |
| mysql.x8.large.3 | 4 | 32 GB | 5,000 |
| mysql.x4.xlarge.3 | 8 | 32 GB | 5,000 |
| mysql.x8.xlarge.3 | 8 | 64 GB | 10,000 |
| mysql.x4.2xlarge.3 | 16 | 64 GB | 10,000 |
| mysql.x8.2xlarge.3 | 16 | 128 GB | 20,000 |
| mysql.x4.4xlarge.3 | 32 | 128 GB | 20,000 |
| mysql.x8.4xlarge.3 | 32 | 256 GB | 40,000 |
| mysql.st.8xlarge.3 | 60 | 470 GB | 100,000 |
| mysql.n2.2xlarge.1 | 16 | 32 GB | 10,000 |
| mysql.n4.2xlarge.1 | 16 | 64 GB | 15,000 |
| mysql.n8.2xlarge.1 | 16 | 128 GB | 20,000 |
| mysql.x2.3xlarge2c | 24 | 48 GB | 24,000 |
| mysql.n4.4xlarge.1 | 32 | 128 GB | 20,000 |
| mysql.n8.4xlarge.1 | 32 | 256 GB | 64,000 |
| mysql.n4.8xlarge.1 | 56 | 224 GB | 64,000 |
| mysql.n8.8xlarge.1 | 56 | 480 GB | 64,000 |
| mysql.n1.micro.1 | 1 | 1 GB | 2,000 |
| mysql.n2.small.1 | 1 | 2 GB | 2,000 |