Standard monitoring
Standard monitoring displays performance metrics for an ApsaraDB RDS for SQL Server instance in the ApsaraDB RDS console, so you can track resource usage and database performance over a selected time range or in real time.
New and legacy metric sets
ApsaraDB RDS for SQL Server has upgraded standard monitoring and integrated Performance Trend to provide additional monitoring capabilities.
Standard monitoring is available as two metric sets:
New monitoring metrics (recommended) — The default metric set on the current monitoring page. Metrics are grouped into Basic metrics and Advanced metrics, and each metric includes an OpenAPI Key that you can use to retrieve its data through the API.
Legacy monitoring metrics — The metric set of the previous monitoring page, grouped into Basic metrics and Database metrics. Use this set only if your console still displays the previous monitoring page.
The following table lists the categories of the new monitoring metrics:
Category | Metrics |
Basic metrics | Instance Storage, Instance Disk Usage, BufferHit, CPU/Memory Utilization, Network Traffic, Abnormal Items, Connections, Transactions, AlwaysOn Availability Group Performance, SQL Compilation Rate, IOPS Utilization, Lock Timeouts, Mirroring Synchronization Performance, Page Life Expectancy, Blocking, Full Table Scan Rate, Throughput Utilization, IOPS, QPS, Checkpoint Pages Written, Deadlocks, Page Performance, Throughput, Logons, Serverless RCU |
Advanced metrics | Index Usage, Connections, Cache, Advanced Memory Usage, Backup Performance, Memory Usage, AlwaysOn Availability Group Performance, SQL Compilation Rate, Mirroring Synchronization Performance, Log Growth, Version Store Rate, Log Performance, Lock Wait Times, Page Performance |
View standard monitoring
Log on to the ApsaraDB RDS console. In the top navigation bar, select the region where your instance resides, then click the instance ID.
In the left-side navigation pane, click Monitoring and Alerts.
On the Standard Monitoring page, the Basic metrics and Advanced metrics monitoring charts are displayed. You can perform the following operations:
Query metrics for a specific time range — Select the time range that you want to query to view the corresponding metrics. You can query only monitoring data from the last 30 days.
Enable real-time mode — Click
before the time range box to enable real-time mode. The system refreshes the metrics every 5 seconds so that you can track live changes in database performance.Change the monitoring frequency — Set Data Granularity to view metric trends at a different time granularity: 5 seconds, 30 seconds, or 1 minute.
View metric descriptions — In a metric trend chart, click
next to a monitoring item to view the metrics that it contains and what they mean.Switch the monitoring perspective — In the Monitoring Perspective section, select DAS Standard Perspective - SQLServer New Metric Dashboard (recommended) or DAS Standard Perspective - SQLServer Metric Dashboard.
Switch nodes — For an ApsaraDB RDS for SQL Server instance of the Cluster Edition, you can select a different node to view, or select multiple nodes at the same time to compare metrics.
NoteIf the page does not display Basic metrics and Advanced metrics, you might be on the previous monitoring page. Click Back to New Version in the upper-right corner.
New monitoring metrics
The following tables list the metrics on the current monitoring page, grouped into Basic metrics and Advanced metrics. When several metrics belong to the same monitoring chart, the OpenAPI Key appears only in the first row of the group and is shared by all metrics in that group.
Basic metrics
Standard monitoring chart name | Standard monitoring metric name | Description | Unit | OpenAPI Key | OpenAPI returned metric name |
Instance Storage |
| Total space used by the instance. | MB |
|
|
| Log space used. | MB |
| ||
| Data space used. | MB |
| ||
| System space used. | MB |
| ||
| Temporary space used. | MB |
| ||
| Disk space used by Extended Event log files. | MB |
| ||
| Disk space used to store SQL Server trace files, such as SQL Profiler trace files. | MB |
| ||
| Space used by dump files that are generated when the SQL Server kernel encounters an exception. | MB |
| ||
| Disk space used to store the SQL Server system database master. | MB |
| ||
| Disk space used to store the model database. The model database is the template for each new database. | MB |
| ||
| Disk space used to store the msdb database. The msdb database manages SQL Server Agent jobs and backup history. | MB |
| ||
| Disk space used by error log files. You can clear the error logs of an instance from the console or by calling an API operation. | MB |
| ||
Instance Disk Usage |
| Space usage. | % |
|
|
BufferHit |
| Cache hit ratio. | % |
|
|
| Percentage of pages found in the buffer cache without a read from disk. | % |
| ||
CPU/Memory Utilization |
| Instance memory usage. | % |
|
|
| Instance CPU usage as a percentage of total operating system CPU. | % |
|
| |
Network Traffic |
| Average number of bytes received from all clients per second. | KB |
|
|
| Average number of bytes sent to all clients per second. | KB |
| ||
Abnormal Items |
| Number of databases with an abnormal mirroring configuration or a failed mirroring synchronization. | Count |
|
|
Connections |
| Number of active threads. | Count |
|
|
Transactions |
| Average transactions per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Average write transactions per second. | Count/S |
| ||
AlwaysOn Availability Group Performance |
| SQL Server AlwaysOn replication lag. | S |
|
|
| Size of the log queue waiting to be redone on the replica, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Size of the log queue on the primary replica waiting to be sent to the replica, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Number of unhealthy databases in the availability group. | Count |
| ||
| Number of databases that are not in the availability group. | Count |
| ||
SQL Compilation Rate |
| SQL compilations per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Statement recompilations per second. | Count/S |
| ||
IOPS Utilization |
| Actual IOPS usage. | % |
|
|
| IOPS usage when I/O burst is disabled. | % |
| ||
| Percentage of IOPS improvement after I/O burst is enabled. | % |
| ||
Lock Timeouts |
| Lock requests that timed out per second, including NOWAIT lock requests. | Count/S |
|
|
Mirroring Synchronization Performance (high-availability series only) |
| Number of log bytes on the primary replica waiting to be sent to the replica. | KB |
|
|
| Number of log bytes waiting to be redone on the replica. | KB |
| ||
Page Life Expectancy |
| Average time a cached data page stays in memory. | S |
|
|
Blocking |
| Length of the worker threads wait queue. | Count |
|
|
| Number of uncommitted transactions. | Count |
| ||
| Duration of the longest-running transaction. | S |
| ||
| Number of blocked processes. | Count |
| ||
Full Table Scan Rate |
| Average full table scans per second. | Count/S |
|
|
Throughput Utilization |
| Disk I/O throughput usage when I/O burst is disabled. | % |
|
|
| Actual disk I/O throughput usage. | % |
| ||
| Percentage of disk I/O throughput improvement after I/O burst is enabled. | % |
| ||
IOPS |
| Read I/O requests per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Total I/O requests per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Write I/O requests per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Upper IOPS limit on the computing side. | Count/S |
| ||
| Upper IOPS limit on the storage side. | Count/S |
| ||
| Upper IOPS limit when I/O burst is disabled. | Count/S |
| ||
| Upper IOPS limit. | Count/S |
| ||
QPS |
| Average number of SQL statement executions per second. | Count/S |
|
|
Checkpoint Pages Written |
| Writes to disk per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Pages written to disk by checkpoints per second. | Count/S |
| ||
Deadlocks |
| Deadlocks per second. | Count/S |
|
|
Page Performance |
| Data pages read from disk per second (physical I/O). | Count/S |
|
|
| Data pages written to disk per second (physical I/O). | Count/S |
| ||
Throughput |
| Total disk I/O throughput per second. | MB/S |
|
|
| Disk read I/O throughput per second. | MB/S |
| ||
| Disk write I/O throughput per second. | MB/S |
| ||
| Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second on the computing side. | MB/S |
| ||
| Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second on the storage side. | MB/S |
| ||
| Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second when I/O burst is disabled. | MB/S |
| ||
| Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second. | MB/S |
| ||
Logons |
| Logons per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Logouts per second. | Count/S |
| ||
Serverless RCU (serverless instances only) |
| RDS Capacity Unit. | Count |
|
|
Advanced metrics
Standard monitoring chart name | Standard monitoring metric name | Description | Unit | OpenAPI Key | OpenAPI returned metric name |
Index Usage |
| Index searches per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Forwarded records accessed per second. | Count/S |
| ||
Connections |
| Number of active temporary tables. | Count |
|
|
| Number of active transactions. | Count |
| ||
| Number of active cursors. | Count |
| ||
| Logons initiated from the connection pool per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Total number of connections. | Count |
| ||
Cache |
| Total number of objects in the cache. | Count |
|
|
| Number of cache objects currently in use. | Count |
| ||
| Number of pages used by the cache. | Count |
| ||
Advanced Memory Usage |
| Memory used by the SQL compiled plan cache, in KB. | KB |
|
|
| Memory used by the physical driver cache, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the object compiled plan cache, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory allocated to operating system nodes, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the common language runtime (CLR), in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the SQL storage engine, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the user schema manager, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the operating system memory manager, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by the plan cache for SQL plans. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by the temporary memory cache for algebrizer trees. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by the plan cache for object plans. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by SOSNODE, a component of SQLOS. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by SQLCLR. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by storage engine components. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by different types of metadata for database objects. | KB |
| ||
| Virtual memory used by SOSMEMMANAGER, a component of SQLOS. | KB |
| ||
Backup Performance |
| Bytes processed per second by backup or restore operations (throughput). | Count/S |
|
|
Memory Usage |
| Memory used by lock structures, in KB. | KB |
|
|
| Memory used by connections, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the database buffer pool, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Available memory, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the query optimizer, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Total memory currently used by SQL Server, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used by the SQL plan cache, in KB. | KB |
| ||
| Memory used for other purposes, in KB. | KB |
| ||
AlwaysOn Availability Group Performance |
| Bytes received from the replica per second. | B/S |
|
|
| Timestamp at which the replica finished the redo operation. | S |
| ||
| Bytes sent to the replica per second. | B/S |
| ||
| Flow control duration per second, in milliseconds. | MS/S |
| ||
| Flow control events triggered per second. | Count/S |
| ||
SQL Compilation Rate |
| Safe auto-parameterization attempts per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Failed auto-parameterization attempts per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Successful forced parameterizations per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Unsafe auto-parameterization attempts per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Auto-parameterization attempts per second. | Count/S |
| ||
Mirroring Synchronization Performance (high-availability series only) |
| Number of log bytes that the replica still needs to redo. | B |
|
|
| Number of log bytes redone by the replica per second. | B/S |
| ||
Log Growth |
| Number of transaction log shrinks. | Count |
|
|
| Number of transaction log truncations. | Count |
| ||
| Number of automatic transaction log growths. | Count |
| ||
Version Store Rate |
| Size of the row version store cleaned up per second, in KB. | KB/S |
|
|
| Size of the row version store generated per second, in KB. | KB/S |
| ||
Log Performance |
| Log bytes written to disk per second (physical transaction log writes). | B/S |
|
|
| Log bytes received per second (transaction log generation rate). | B/S |
| ||
| Reads from the log cache per second, which do not require a read from disk. | Count/S |
| ||
| Number of waits for the log buffer. A high value indicates heavy log buffer contention. Increase the log buffer size or optimize transactions. | B |
| ||
| Log flushes to disk per second. A high value indicates frequent transactions. Consider optimizing batch operations. | Count/S |
| ||
| Log buffer requests per second. Use this metric to monitor log buffer pressure. | Count/S |
| ||
Lock Wait Times |
| Total lock requests received by SQL Server per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Average lock wait time. | MS |
| ||
| Lock requests per second for which the caller waited. | Count/S |
| ||
| Times per second that locks on a table were escalated to the TABLE or HoBT granularity. | Count/S |
| ||
| Average wait time for latch requests. | MS |
| ||
| Average wait time for lock requests. | MS |
| ||
| Total lock wait time in the last second. | MS |
| ||
| Latch requests not granted immediately per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Statistics about processes waiting for a lock. | Count |
| ||
Page Performance |
| Number of buffer pool page lookups per second. | Count/S |
|
|
| Data pages compressed per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Number of waits to acquire a page I/O latch. | Count |
| ||
| Page splits per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Pages read ahead per second. | Count/S |
| ||
| Pages written to disk per second by the background writer process. | Count/S |
| ||
| Total number of waits to acquire a page latch. | Count |
|
Legacy monitoring metrics
The following tables list the metrics on the previous monitoring page, grouped into Basic metrics and Database metrics. Use this set only if your console still displays the previous monitoring page.
Basic metrics
Monitoring item | Metric name | Unit | Description |
CPU/Memory Utilization |
| % | Instance CPU usage as a percentage of total operating system CPU. |
| % | Instance memory usage. | |
IOPS Utilization |
| % | IOPS usage when I/O burst is disabled. |
| % | Actual IOPS usage. | |
| % | Percentage of IOPS improvement after I/O burst is enabled. | |
IOPS |
| Count | Read I/O requests per second. |
| Count | Total I/O requests per second. | |
| Count | Write I/O requests per second. | |
| Count | Upper IOPS limit on the computing side. | |
| Count | Upper IOPS limit on the storage side. | |
| Count | Upper IOPS limit when I/O burst is disabled. | |
| Count | Upper IOPS limit. | |
Instance Storage |
| MB | Disk space used to store the SQL Server system database master. |
| MB | Disk space used to store the model database. The model database is the template for each new database. | |
| MB | Disk space used to store the msdb database. The msdb database manages SQL Server Agent jobs and backup history. | |
| MB | Disk space used by error log files. You can clear the error logs of an instance from the console or by calling an API operation. | |
| MB | Disk space used by Extended Event log files. | |
| MB | Disk space used to store SQL Server trace files, such as SQL Profiler trace files. | |
| MB | Space used by dump files that are generated when the SQL Server kernel encounters an exception. | |
| MB | Log space used. | |
| MB | Total space used by the instance. | |
| MB | Temporary space used. | |
| MB | Data space used. | |
| MB | System space used. | |
Instance Disk Usage |
| % | Space usage. |
Network Traffic |
| KB | Average number of bytes sent to all clients per second. |
| KB | Average number of bytes received from all clients per second. | |
Throughput Utilization |
| % | Actual disk I/O throughput usage. |
| % | Disk I/O throughput usage when I/O burst is disabled. | |
| % | Percentage of disk I/O throughput improvement after I/O burst is enabled. | |
Throughput |
| MB/s | Total disk I/O throughput per second. |
| MB/s | Disk read I/O throughput per second. | |
| MB/s | Disk write I/O throughput per second. | |
| MB/s | Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second on the computing side. | |
| MB/s | Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second on the storage side. | |
| MB/s | Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second when I/O burst is disabled. | |
| MB/s | Upper disk I/O throughput limit per second. |
Database metrics
Monitoring item | Metric name | Unit | Description |
QPS |
| Count | Average number of SQL statement executions per second. |
Connections |
| Count | Logons initiated from the connection pool per second. |
| Count | Number of active temporary tables. | |
| Count | Number of active threads. | |
| Count | Number of active cursors. | |
| Count | Total number of connections. | |
| Count | Number of active transactions. | |
Transactions |
| Count | Average transactions per second. |
| Count | Average write transactions per second. | |
BufferHit |
| % | Cache hit ratio. |
| % | Percentage of pages found in the buffer cache without a read from disk. | |
Full Table Scan Rate |
| Count/S | Average full table scans per second. |
SQL Compilation Rate |
| Count | Auto-parameterization attempts per second. |
| Count | Successful forced parameterizations per second. | |
| Count | SQL compilations per second. | |
| Count | Unsafe auto-parameterization attempts per second. | |
| Count | Failed auto-parameterization attempts per second. | |
| Count | Safe auto-parameterization attempts per second. | |
| Count | Statement recompilations per second. | |
Checkpoint Pages Written |
| Count | Writes to disk per second. |
| Count | Pages written to disk by checkpoints per second. | |
Logons |
| Count | Logouts per second. |
| Count | Logons per second. | |
Lock Timeouts |
| Count | Lock requests that timed out per second, including NOWAIT lock requests. |
Deadlocks |
| Count | Deadlocks per second. |
Lock Wait Times |
| ms | Average wait time for latch requests. |
| Count | Times per second that locks on a table were escalated to the TABLE or HoBT granularity. | |
| ms | Average wait time for lock requests. | |
| ms | Total lock wait time in the last second. | |
| Count | New locks and lock conversions requested per second. | |
| Count | Lock requests per second for which the caller waited. | |
| Count | Latch requests not granted immediately per second. | |
| Count | Statistics about processes waiting for a lock. | |
| ms | Average lock wait time. | |
SQL Server AlwaysOn Replication Lag |
| s | Displayed only for the Cluster Edition. SQL Server AlwaysOn replication lag. |
Page Life Expectancy |
| s | Average time a cached data page stays in memory. |