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为熔断降级和限流防护配置Grafana大盘和告警规则

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服务网格 ASM（Service Mesh）支持无侵入式熔断、限流及流量监控。本文介绍熔断和限流常用的大盘配置及告警规则。

熔断降级

流量熔断是一种过载保护机制，主要用于防止系统因为短时间内过大的流量而崩溃。在云原生服务之间存在东西向调用流量的情况下，如果某个服务发生故障（例如：响应过慢或者失败率升高），可能会导致该服务所在调用链路上的一系列服务也发生连锁崩溃。

通过为服务间的东西向调用流量配置熔断规则，可以实现当请求失败率或响应超时次数达到阈值时，主动“切断”来自上游服务的请求。在保护上游服务的同时，也有效防止故障在整个调用链路中扩散，造成整个系统雪崩。

配置熔断规则后，每个网格代理将基于其代理的请求分别计算请求失败率或响应超时次数。因此，对于同一个发生故障的上游服务、客户端网格代理发生熔断的时机可能略有不同。

大盘示例

image

对应每个面板说明如下：

面板（Panels）

说明

Requests

请求总体情况，包含以下指标：

  • 请求总数（total_requests），具体数值对应Requests Total面板。

  • 触发熔断的请求数（throttled_requests），具体数值对应Requests Throttled面板。

  • 请求成功的总数（ok_requests），具体数值对应Requests OK面板。

Requests OK Percent

请求成功的总数占总请求数的比例。

Requests Throttled Percent

触发熔断的请求占总请求数的比例。

您可以将以下JSON导入到Grafana大盘，为集群创建熔断大盘。您也可以修改或根据以下JSON内容自定义创建大盘。

展开查看JSON内容

{
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {
        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": {
          "type": "grafana",
          "uid": "-- Grafana --"
        },
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
        "type": "dashboard"
      }
    ]
  },
  "editable": true,
  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
  "graphTooltip": 0,
  "id": 168,
  "links": [],
  "liveNow": false,
  "panels": [
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "custom": {
            "axisCenteredZero": false,
            "axisColorMode": "text",
            "axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 0,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "viz": false
            },
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",
            "lineWidth": 1,
            "pointSize": 5,
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
            },
            "showPoints": "auto",
            "stacking": {
              "group": "A",
              "mode": "none"
            }
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": [
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "total_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "blue",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "unlimited_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "dark-green",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "limited_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "dark-red",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 1,
      "options": {
        "legend": {
          "calcs": [],
          "displayMode": "list",
          "placement": "bottom",
          "showLegend": true
        },
        "tooltip": {
          "mode": "single",
          "sort": "none",
          "targets": []
        }
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "sum(rate(istio_requests_total{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "format": "time_series",
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "total_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "sum(rate(istio_requests_total{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30 - sum(rate(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",cluster=~\".*$service.*\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "ok_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "B"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(rate(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",cluster=~\".*$service.*\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "throttled_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "C"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "aliyun-timeseries-panel"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 2,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(istio_requests_total{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Total",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 4,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 5,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(istio_requests_total{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) - sum(increase(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",cluster=~\".*$service.*\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests OK",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 8,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 4,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",cluster=~\".*$service.*\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Throttled",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "custom": {
            "neutral": -1
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "percentage",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": 90
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 16
      },
      "id": 6,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "(sum(increase(istio_requests_total{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) - sum(increase(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",cluster=~\".*$service.*\"}[$__range]))) / sum(increase(istio_requests_total{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) * 100",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests OK Percent",
      "type": "gauge"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "custom": {
            "neutral": -1
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "percentage",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": 10
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 6,
        "y": 16
      },
      "id": 7,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",cluster=~\".*$service.*\"}[$__range])) / sum(increase(istio_requests_total{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) * 100",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Throttled Percent",
      "type": "gauge"
    }
  ],
  "refresh": false,
  "schemaVersion": 38,
  "style": "dark",
  "tags": [],
  "templating": {
    "list": [
      {
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "datesource",
          "value": "datesource"
        },
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": false,
        "label": "datasource",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "DS_PROMETHEUS",
        "options": [],
        "query": "prometheus",
        "queryValue": "datesource",
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "type": "datasource"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests) by (namespace))",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "namespace",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "namespace",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests) by (namespace))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*namespace=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests) by (pod_name))",
        "description": "",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "pod",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "pod",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests) by (pod_name))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*pod_name=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests) by (cluster))",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "multi": false,
        "name": "service",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests) by (cluster))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*_.*_.*_(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      }
    ]
  },
  "time": {
    "from": "2025-03-19T07:40:00.388Z",
    "to": "2025-03-19T07:43:09.493Z"
  },
  "timepicker": {},
  "timezone": "browser",
  "title": "Circuit Breaker",
  "uid": "5d5bcd97-33a9-499f-94f6-aea7081b9777",
  "version": 5,
  "weekStart": ""
}

告警规则示例

告警配置

示例

说明

自定义PromQL语句

(sum by(cluster, namespace) (increase(envoy_asm_circuit_breaker_total_broken_requests[1m]))) > 10

查询最近1分钟之内熔断的请求数量，并根据触发熔断的服务所在命名空间以及服务名称进行分组。当1分钟内被熔断的请求数量大于10时触发告警。

告警内容

发生服务级熔断！命名空间：{{$labels.namespace}}，发生熔断的目标服务：{{$labels.cluster}}。当前1分钟内熔断的请求数量：{{ $value }}

展示了触发熔断的服务所在命名空间以及服务名称，以及最近1分钟内发往该服务被熔断的请求数量的告警信息格式。

全局限流防护

在Envoy代理中，全局限流是一种用于控制整个服务网格中请求速率的机制。它基于Envoy的限流服务（Rate Limit Service）实现。该服务可以集中处理来自整个服务网格中的流量，并根据预先定义的规则和配额来限制请求的速率。

全局限流可以与本地限流结合使用，以提供不同层面的限流功能。

大盘示例

image

对应每个面板说明如下：

面板（Panels）

说明

Requests

请求总体情况，包含以下指标：

  • 请求总数（total_requests），具体数值对应Requests Total面板。

  • 触发限流的请求数（limited_requests），具体数值对应Requests Reached Limits面板。

  • 请求成功的总数（unlimited_requests），具体数值对应Requests OK面板。

Requests OK Percent

请求成功的总数占总请求数的比例。

Requests Reached Limits Percent

触发限流的请求占总请求数的比例。

您可以将以下JSON导入到Grafana大盘，为集群创建全局限流大盘。您也可以修改或根据以下JSON内容自定义创建大盘。

展开查看JSON内容

{
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {
        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": {
          "type": "grafana",
          "uid": "-- Grafana --"
        },
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
        "type": "dashboard"
      }
    ]
  },
  "editable": true,
  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
  "graphTooltip": 0,
  "id": 166,
  "links": [],
  "liveNow": false,
  "panels": [
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "custom": {
            "axisCenteredZero": false,
            "axisColorMode": "text",
            "axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 0,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "viz": false
            },
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",
            "lineWidth": 1,
            "pointSize": 5,
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
            },
            "showPoints": "auto",
            "stacking": {
              "group": "A",
              "mode": "none"
            }
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": [
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "total_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "blue",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "unlimited_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "dark-green",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "limited_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "dark-red",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 1,
      "options": {
        "legend": {
          "calcs": [],
          "displayMode": "list",
          "placement": "bottom",
          "showLegend": true
        },
        "tooltip": {
          "mode": "single",
          "sort": "none",
          "targets": []
        }
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "sum(rate(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30 + sum(rate(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "format": "time_series",
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "total_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "sum(rate(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "unlimited_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "B"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(rate(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "limited_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "C"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "aliyun-timeseries-panel"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 2,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) + sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Total",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 4,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 5,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests OK",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 8,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 4,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Reached Limits",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "custom": {
            "neutral": -1
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "percentage",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": 90
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 16
      },
      "id": 6,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) / (sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) + sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))) * 100",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests OK Percent",
      "type": "gauge"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "custom": {
            "neutral": -1
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "percentage",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": 10
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 6,
        "y": 16
      },
      "id": 7,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) / (sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) + sum(increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))) * 100",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Reached Limits Percent",
      "type": "gauge"
    }
  ],
  "refresh": "",
  "schemaVersion": 38,
  "style": "dark",
  "tags": [],
  "templating": {
    "list": [
      {
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "datasource",
          "value": "datasource"
        },
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": false,
        "label": "datasource",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "DS_PROMETHEUS",
        "options": [],
        "query": "prometheus",
        "queryValue": "datasource",
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "type": "datasource"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit) by (namespace) or sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok) by (namespace))",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "namespace",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "namespace",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit) by (namespace) or sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok) by (namespace))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*namespace=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit) by (pod_name) or sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok) by (pod_name))",
        "description": "",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "pod",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "pod",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit) by (pod_name) or sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok) by (pod_name))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*pod_name=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit) by (service_istio_io_canonical_name) or sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok) by (service_istio_io_canonical_name))",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "service",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "service",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit) by (service_istio_io_canonical_name) or sum(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_ok) by (service_istio_io_canonical_name))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*service_istio_io_canonical_name=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      }
    ]
  },
  "time": {
    "from": "now-5m",
    "to": "now"
  },
  "timepicker": {},
  "timezone": "browser",
  "title": "Global Rate Limit",
  "uid": "d8f95bbc-efb6-41e7-8929-25551b22f3d2",
  "version": 25,
  "weekStart": ""
}

告警规则示例

告警配置

示例

说明

自定义PromQL语句

sum (increase(envoy_cluster_ratelimit_over_limit[1m])) by (namespace, service_istio_io_canonical_name) > 10

查询最近1分钟之内限流的请求数量，并根据触发限流的服务所在命名空间以及服务名称进行分组。当1分钟内被限流的请求数量大于10时触发告警。

告警内容

已触发限流！命名空间：{{$labels.namespace}}，发生限流的目标服务：{{$labels.service_istio_io_canonical_name}}。当前1分钟内限流的请求数量：{{ $value }}

展示了触发限流的服务所在命名空间以及服务名称，以及最近1分钟内发往该服务被限流的请求数量的告警信息格式。

本地限流防护

Envoy代理使用令牌桶算法实现本地限流。令牌桶算法是一种限制发送到服务端的请求数量的方法，基于一定数量的令牌桶。存储桶以恒定的速率不断填充令牌，当向服务发送请求时，会从存储桶中删除一个令牌。如果存储桶为空，则请求将被拒绝。

本地限流可以与全局限流结合使用，以提供不同层面的限流功能。

大盘示例

image

对应每个面板说明如下：

面板（Panels）

说明

Requests

请求总体情况，包含以下指标：

  • 请求总数（total_requests），具体数值对应Requests Total面板。

  • 触发限流的请求数（limited_requests），具体数值对应Requests Reached Limits面板。

  • 请求成功的总数（unlimited_requests），具体数值对应Requests OK面板。

Requests OK Percent

请求成功的总数占总请求数的比例。

Requests Reached Limits Percent

触发限流的请求占总请求数的比例。

您可以将以下JSON导入到Grafana大盘，为集群创建本地限流大盘。您也可以修改或根据以下JSON内容自定义创建大盘。

展开查看JSON内容

{
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {
        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": {
          "type": "grafana",
          "uid": "-- Grafana --"
        },
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
        "type": "dashboard"
      }
    ]
  },
  "editable": true,
  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
  "graphTooltip": 0,
  "id": 167,
  "links": [],
  "liveNow": false,
  "panels": [
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "custom": {
            "axisCenteredZero": false,
            "axisColorMode": "text",
            "axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 0,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "viz": false
            },
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",
            "lineWidth": 1,
            "pointSize": 5,
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
            },
            "showPoints": "auto",
            "stacking": {
              "group": "A",
              "mode": "none"
            }
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": [
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "total_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "blue",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "unlimited_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "dark-green",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "matcher": {
              "id": "byName",
              "options": "limited_requests"
            },
            "properties": [
              {
                "id": "color",
                "value": {
                  "fixedColor": "dark-red",
                  "mode": "fixed"
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 1,
      "options": {
        "legend": {
          "calcs": [],
          "displayMode": "list",
          "placement": "bottom",
          "showLegend": true
        },
        "tooltip": {
          "mode": "single",
          "sort": "none",
          "targets": []
        }
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "sum(rate(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "format": "time_series",
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "total_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "exemplar": false,
          "expr": "sum(rate(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "unlimited_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "B"
        },
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(rate(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enforced{namespace=~\"$namespace\",pod_name=~\"$pod\",service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[60s])) * 30",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": false,
          "legendFormat": "limited_requests",
          "range": true,
          "refId": "C"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "aliyun-timeseries-panel"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 2,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Total",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 4,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 5,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests OK",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 8,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 4,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enforced{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range]))",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Reached Limits",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "custom": {
            "neutral": -1
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "percentage",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": 90
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 16
      },
      "id": 6,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_ok{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) / sum(increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) * 100",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests OK Percent",
      "type": "gauge"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "custom": {
            "neutral": -1
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "percentage",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": 10
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 6,
        "y": 16
      },
      "id": 7,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "pluginVersion": "10.0.9",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "editorMode": "code",
          "expr": "sum(increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enforced{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) / sum(increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled{namespace=~\"$namespace\", pod_name=~\"$pod\", service_istio_io_canonical_name=~\"$service\"}[$__range])) * 100",
          "instant": false,
          "range": true,
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Requests Reached Limits Percent",
      "type": "gauge"
    }
  ],
  "refresh": "",
  "schemaVersion": 38,
  "style": "dark",
  "tags": [],
  "templating": {
    "list": [
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "datasource",
          "value": "datasource"
        },
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": false,
        "label": "datasource",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "DS_PROMETHEUS",
        "options": [],
        "query": "prometheus",
        "queryValue": "datasource",
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "type": "datasource"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled) by (namespace))",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "namespace",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "namespace",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled) by (namespace))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*namespace=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled) by (pod_name))",
        "description": "",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "pod",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "pod",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled) by (pod_name))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*pod_name=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      },
      {
        "allValue": ".*",
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "ykIxRIhNk"
        },
        "definition": "query_result(sum(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled) by (service_istio_io_canonical_name))",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "service",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "service",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "query_result(sum(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enabled) by (service_istio_io_canonical_name))",
          "refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "/.*service_istio_io_canonical_name=\"(.*)\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      }
    ]
  },
  "time": {
    "from": "now-5m",
    "to": "now"
  },
  "timepicker": {},
  "timezone": "browser",
  "title": "Local Rate Limit",
  "uid": "859fe8e7-c7dd-46f4-a1c0-c0c7010bcf19",
  "version": 7,
  "weekStart": ""
}

告警规则示例

告警配置

示例

说明

自定义PromQL语句

sum (increase(envoy_http_local_rate_limiter_http_local_rate_limit_enforced[1m])) by (namespace, service_istio_io_canonical_name) > 10

查询最近1分钟之内限流的请求数量，并根据触发限流的服务所在命名空间以及服务名称进行分组。当1分钟内被限流的请求数量大于10时触发告警。

告警内容

已触发限流！命名空间：{{$labels.namespace}}，发生限流的目标服务：{{$labels.service_istio_io_canonical_name}}。当前1分钟内限流的请求数量：{{ $value }}

展示了触发限流的服务所在命名空间以及服务名称，以及最近1分钟内发往该服务被限流的请求数量的告警信息格式。

相关操作

导入Grafana大盘

  1. 登录ARMS控制台。

  2. 在左侧导航栏，单击接入管理。

  3. 在已接入环境页签中选择容器环境，通过集群名称搜索环境，然后单击进入目标环境。单击大盘目录。

    大盘目录位于容器环境详情页基本信息区域中，单击其对应的值即可跳转至Grafana大盘目录。

  4. 在Dashboards页签右侧，单击Import按钮。

  5. 将JSON内容粘贴到Import via panel json区域，然后单击Load按钮。保持默认设置，单击Import，即可完成大盘的导入。

    说明

    您也可以通过上传JSON文件的方式导入大盘。

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