服务端签名直传

Linux系统

1. 在命令行界面执行以下命令来将环境变量设置追加到~/.bashrc 文件中。

   echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID='YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_ID'" >> ~/.bash_profile
   echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET='YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'" >> ~/.bash_profile
   echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET='YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'" >> ~/.bash_profile

2. 执行以下命令使变更生效。

   source ~/.bash_profile

3. 执行以下命令检查环境变量是否生效。

   echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
   echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
   echo $OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN

macOS系统

1. 在终端中执行以下命令，查看默认Shell类型。

   echo $SHELL

2. 根据默认Shell类型进行操作。

   Zsh

   1. 执行以下命令来将环境变量设置追加到 ~/.zshrc 文件中。

      echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID='your-access-key-id'" >> ~/.zshrc
      echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET='your-access-key-secret'" >> ~/.zshrc
      echo "export OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN='your-role-arn'" >> ~/.zshrc

   2. 执行以下命令使变更生效。

      source ~/.zshrc

   3. 执行以下命令检查环境变量是否生效。

      echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
      echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
      echo $OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN

   Bash

   1. 执行以下命令来将环境变量设置追加到 ~/.bash_profile 文件中。

      echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID='YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_ID'" >> ~/.bash_profile
      echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET='YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'" >> ~/.bash_profile
      echo "export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET='YOUR_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'" >> ~/.bash_profile

   2. 执行以下命令使变更生效。

      source ~/.bash_profile

   3. 执行以下命令检查环境变量是否生效。

      echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
      echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
      echo $OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN

3. 执行以下命令。

   export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="your-access-key-id"
   export OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="your-access-key-secret"
   export OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN="your-role-arn"

4. 执行以下命令，验证该环境变量是否生效。

   echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
   echo $OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
   echo $OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN

Windows系统

1. 在CMD中运行以下命令。

   setx OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID "your-access-key-id"
   setx OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET "your-access-key-secret"
   setx OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN "your-role-arn"

2. 打开一个新的CMD窗口。

3. 在新的CMD窗口运行以下命令，检查环境变量是否生效。

   echo %OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID%
   echo %OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET%
   echo %OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN%

Java

在Maven项目中，导入以下依赖。

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.aliyun/credentials-java -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
    <artifactId>credentials-java</artifactId>
    <version>0.3.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.kms</groupId>
    <artifactId>kms-transfer-client</artifactId>
    <version>0.1.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
    <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
    <version>3.17.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
  <artifactId>sts20150401</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.6</version>
</dependency>

您可以参考如下代码来完成服务端获取临时访问凭证并计算POST签名：

package com.aliyun.oss.web;
import com.aliyun.sts20150401.models.AssumeRoleResponse;
import com.aliyun.sts20150401.models.AssumeRoleResponseBody;
import com.aliyun.tea.TeaException;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.utils.BinaryUtil;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.time.*;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.*;

@Controller
public class WebController {

    //OSS基础信息 替换为实际的 bucket 名称、 region-id、host。
    String bucket = "examplebucket";
    String region = "cn-hangzhou";
    String host = "http://examplebucket.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
    // 设置上传回调URL（即回调服务器地址），必须为公网地址。用于处理应用服务器与OSS之间的通信，OSS会在文件上传完成后，把文件上传信息通过此回调URL发送给应用服务器。
    //限定上传到OSS的文件前缀。
    String upload_dir = "dir";

    //指定过期时间，单位为秒。
    Long expire_time = 3600L;

    /**
     * 通过指定有效的时长（秒）生成过期时间。
     * @param seconds 有效时长（秒）。
     * @return ISO8601 时间字符串，如："2014-12-01T12:00:00.000Z"。
     */
    public static String generateExpiration(long seconds) {
        // 获取当前时间戳（以秒为单位）
        long now = Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
        // 计算过期时间的时间戳
        long expirationTime = now + seconds;
        // 将时间戳转换为Instant对象，并格式化为ISO8601格式
        Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochSecond(expirationTime);
        // 定义时区
        ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();  // 使用系统默认时区
        // 将 Instant 转换为 ZonedDateTime
        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = instant.atZone(zone);
        // 定义日期时间格式，例如2023-12-03T13:00:00.000Z
        DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS'Z'");
        // 格式化日期时间
        String formattedDate = zonedDateTime.format(formatter);
        // 输出结果
        return formattedDate;
    }
    //初始化STS Client
    public static com.aliyun.sts20150401.Client createStsClient() throws Exception {
        // 工程代码泄露可能会导致 AccessKey 泄露，并威胁账号下所有资源的安全性。以下代码示例仅供参考。
        // 建议使用更安全的 STS 方式。
        com.aliyun.teaopenapi.models.Config config = new com.aliyun.teaopenapi.models.Config()
                // 必填，请确保代码运行环境设置了环境变量 OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID。
                .setAccessKeyId(System.getenv("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"))
                // 必填，请确保代码运行环境设置了环境变量 OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
                .setAccessKeySecret(System.getenv("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET"));
        // Endpoint 请参考 https://api.aliyun.com/product/Sts
        config.endpoint = "sts.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        return new com.aliyun.sts20150401.Client(config);
    }

    //获取STS临时凭证
    public static AssumeRoleResponseBody.AssumeRoleResponseBodyCredentials getCredential() throws Exception {
        com.aliyun.sts20150401.Client client = WebController.createStsClient();
        com.aliyun.sts20150401.models.AssumeRoleRequest assumeRoleRequest = new com.aliyun.sts20150401.models.AssumeRoleRequest()
                // 必填，请确保代码运行环境设置了环境变量 OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN
                .setRoleArn(System.getenv("OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN"))
                .setRoleSessionName("yourRoleSessionName");// 自定义会话名称
        com.aliyun.teautil.models.RuntimeOptions runtime = new com.aliyun.teautil.models.RuntimeOptions();
        try {
            // 复制代码运行请自行打印 API 的返回值
            AssumeRoleResponse response = client.assumeRoleWithOptions(assumeRoleRequest, runtime);
            // credentials里包含了后续要用到的AccessKeyId、AccessKeySecret和SecurityToken。
            return response.body.credentials;
        } catch (TeaException error) {
            // 此处仅做打印展示，请谨慎对待异常处理，在工程项目中切勿直接忽略异常。
            // 错误 message
            System.out.println(error.getMessage());
            // 诊断地址
            System.out.println(error.getData().get("Recommend"));
            com.aliyun.teautil.Common.assertAsString(error.message);
        } catch (Exception _error) {
            TeaException error = new TeaException(_error.getMessage(), _error);
            // 此处仅做打印展示，请谨慎对待异常处理，在工程项目中切勿直接忽略异常。
            // 错误 message
            System.out.println(error.getMessage());
            // 诊断地址
            System.out.println(error.getData().get("Recommend"));
            com.aliyun.teautil.Common.assertAsString(error.message);
        }
        return null;
    }
    @GetMapping("/get_post_signature_for_oss_upload")
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> getPostSignatureForOssUpload() throws Exception {
        AssumeRoleResponseBody.AssumeRoleResponseBodyCredentials sts_data = getCredential();

        String accesskeyid =  sts_data.accessKeyId;
        String accesskeysecret =  sts_data.accessKeySecret;
        String securitytoken =  sts_data.securityToken;

        //获取x-oss-credential里的date，当前日期，格式为yyyyMMdd
        LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
        DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd");
        String date = today.format(formatter);

        //获取x-oss-date
        ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.now().withZoneSameInstant(java.time.ZoneOffset.UTC);
        DateTimeFormatter formatter2 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmss'Z'");
        String x_oss_date = now.format(formatter2);

        // 步骤1：创建policy。
        String x_oss_credential = accesskeyid + "/" + date + "/" + region + "/oss/aliyun_v4_request";

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        Map<String, Object> policy = new HashMap<>();
        policy.put("expiration", generateExpiration(expire_time));

        List<Object> conditions = new ArrayList<>();

        Map<String, String> bucketCondition = new HashMap<>();
        bucketCondition.put("bucket", bucket);
        conditions.add(bucketCondition);

        Map<String, String> securityTokenCondition = new HashMap<>();
        securityTokenCondition.put("x-oss-security-token", securitytoken);
        conditions.add(securityTokenCondition);

        Map<String, String> signatureVersionCondition = new HashMap<>();
        signatureVersionCondition.put("x-oss-signature-version", "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256");
        conditions.add(signatureVersionCondition);

        Map<String, String> credentialCondition = new HashMap<>();
        credentialCondition.put("x-oss-credential", x_oss_credential); // 替换为实际的 access key id
        conditions.add(credentialCondition);

        Map<String, String> dateCondition = new HashMap<>();
        dateCondition.put("x-oss-date", x_oss_date);
        conditions.add(dateCondition);

        conditions.add(Arrays.asList("content-length-range", 1, 10240000));
        conditions.add(Arrays.asList("eq", "$success_action_status", "200"));
        conditions.add(Arrays.asList("starts-with", "$key", upload_dir));

        policy.put("conditions", conditions);

        String jsonPolicy = mapper.writeValueAsString(policy);

        // 步骤2：构造待签名字符串（StringToSign）。
        String stringToSign = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(jsonPolicy.getBytes()));
        // System.out.println("stringToSign: " + stringToSign);

        // 步骤3：计算SigningKey。
        byte[] dateKey = hmacsha256(("aliyun_v4" + accesskeysecret).getBytes(), date);
        byte[] dateRegionKey = hmacsha256(dateKey, region);
        byte[] dateRegionServiceKey = hmacsha256(dateRegionKey, "oss");
        byte[] signingKey = hmacsha256(dateRegionServiceKey, "aliyun_v4_request");
        // System.out.println("signingKey: " + BinaryUtil.toBase64String(signingKey));

        // 步骤4：计算Signature。
        byte[] result = hmacsha256(signingKey, stringToSign);
        String signature = BinaryUtil.toHex(result);
        // System.out.println("signature:" + signature);


        Map<String, String> response = new HashMap<>();
        // 将数据添加到 map 中
        response.put("version", "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256");
        // 这里是易错点，不能直接传policy，需要做一下Base64编码
        response.put("policy", stringToSign);
        response.put("x_oss_credential", x_oss_credential);
        response.put("x_oss_date", x_oss_date);
        response.put("signature", signature);
        response.put("security_token", securitytoken);
        response.put("dir", upload_dir);
        response.put("host", host);
        // 返回带有状态码 200 (OK) 的 ResponseEntity，返回给Web端，进行PostObject操作
        return ResponseEntity.ok(response);
    }
    public static byte[] hmacsha256(byte[] key, String data) {
        try {
            // 初始化HMAC密钥规格，指定算法为HMAC-SHA256并使用提供的密钥。
            SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "HmacSHA256");

            // 获取Mac实例，并通过getInstance方法指定使用HMAC-SHA256算法。
            Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
            // 使用密钥初始化Mac对象。
            mac.init(secretKeySpec);

            // 执行HMAC计算，通过doFinal方法接收需要计算的数据并返回计算结果的数组。
            byte[] hmacBytes = mac.doFinal(data.getBytes());

            return hmacBytes;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to calculate HMAC-SHA256", e);
        }
    }
}

Python

执行以下命令安装依赖。

pip install flask
pip install alibabacloud_tea_openapi alibabacloud_sts20150401 alibabacloud_credentials

请参考如下代码来完成服务端获取临时访问凭证STStoken并构建上传策略以计算POST签名。

from flask import Flask, render_template, jsonify
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi.models import Config
from alibabacloud_sts20150401.client import Client as Sts20150401Client
from alibabacloud_sts20150401 import models as sts_20150401_models
from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredentialClient
import os
import json
import base64
import hmac
import datetime
import time
import hashlib

app = Flask(__name__)

# 配置环境变量 OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN。
access_key_id = os.environ.get('OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID')
access_key_secret = os.environ.get('OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET')
role_arn_for_oss_upload = os.environ.get('OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN')

# 自定义会话名称
role_session_name = 'yourRoleSessionName'  

# 替换为实际的bucket名称、region_id、host
bucket = 'examplebucket'
region_id = 'cn-hangzhou'
host = 'http://examplebucket.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com'

# 指定过期时间，单位为秒
expire_time = 3600  
# 指定上传到OSS的文件前缀。
upload_dir = 'dir'

def hmacsha256(key, data):
    """
    计算HMAC-SHA256哈希值的函数

    :param key: 用于计算哈希的密钥，字节类型
    :param data: 要进行哈希计算的数据，字符串类型
    :return: 计算得到的HMAC-SHA256哈希值，字节类型
    """
    try:
        mac = hmac.new(key, data.encode(), hashlib.sha256)
        hmacBytes = mac.digest()
        return hmacBytes
    except Exception as e:
        raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to calculate HMAC-SHA256 due to {e}")

@app.route("/")
def hello_world():
    return render_template('index.html')

@app.route('/get_post_signature_for_oss_upload', methods=['GET'])
def generate_upload_params():
    # 初始化配置，直接传递凭据
    config = Config(
        region_id=region_id,
        access_key_id=access_key_id,
        access_key_secret=access_key_secret
    )

    # 创建 STS 客户端并获取临时凭证
    sts_client = Sts20150401Client(config=config)
    assume_role_request = sts_20150401_models.AssumeRoleRequest(
        role_arn=role_arn_for_oss_upload,
        role_session_name=role_session_name
    )
    response = sts_client.assume_role(assume_role_request)
    token_data = response.body.credentials.to_map()

    # 使用 STS 返回的临时凭据
    temp_access_key_id = token_data['AccessKeyId']
    temp_access_key_secret = token_data['AccessKeySecret']
    security_token = token_data['SecurityToken']


    now = int(time.time())
    # 将时间戳转换为datetime对象
    dt_obj = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(now)
    # 在当前时间增加3小时，设置为请求的过期时间
    dt_obj_plus_3h = dt_obj + datetime.timedelta(hours=3)

    # 请求时间
    dt_obj_1 = dt_obj.strftime('%Y%m%dT%H%M%S') + 'Z'
    # 请求日期
    dt_obj_2 = dt_obj.strftime('%Y%m%d')
    # 请求过期时间
    expiration_time = dt_obj_plus_3h.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.000Z')
    
    # 构建 Policy 并生成签名
    policy = {
        "expiration": expiration_time,
        "conditions": [
            ["eq", "$success_action_status", "200"],
            {"x-oss-signature-version": "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256"},
            {"x-oss-credential": f"{temp_access_key_id}/{dt_obj_2}/cn-hangzhou/oss/aliyun_v4_request"},
            {"x-oss-security-token": security_token},
            {"x-oss-date": dt_obj_1},  
        ]
    }
    print(dt_obj_1)
    policy_str = json.dumps(policy).strip()

    # 步骤2：构造待签名字符串（StringToSign）
    stringToSign = base64.b64encode(policy_str.encode()).decode()

    # 步骤3：计算SigningKey
    dateKey = hmacsha256(("aliyun_v4" + temp_access_key_secret).encode(), dt_obj_2)
    dateRegionKey = hmacsha256(dateKey, "cn-hangzhou")
    dateRegionServiceKey = hmacsha256(dateRegionKey, "oss")
    signingKey = hmacsha256(dateRegionServiceKey, "aliyun_v4_request")

    # 步骤4：计算Signature
    result = hmacsha256(signingKey, stringToSign)
    signature = result.hex()

    # 组织返回数据
    response_data = {
        'policy': stringToSign,  #表单域
        'x_oss_signature_version': "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256",  #指定签名的版本和算法，固定值为OSS4-HMAC-SHA256
        'x_oss_credential': f"{temp_access_key_id}/{dt_obj_2}/cn-hangzhou/oss/aliyun_v4_request",  #指明派生密钥的参数集
        'x_oss_date': dt_obj_1,  #请求的时间
        'signature': signature,  #签名认证描述信息
        'host': host,
        'dir': upload_dir,
        'security_token': security_token  #安全令牌

    }
    return jsonify(response_data)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=8000)  # 如果需要监听其他地址如0.0.0.0，需要您自行在服务端添加认证机制

Node.js

执行以下命令安装依赖。

npm install ali-oss
npm install @alicloud/credentials
npm install express

请参考如下代码来完成服务端获取临时访问凭证STStoken并构建上传策略以计算POST签名。

const express = require('express');
const OSS = require('ali-oss');
const { STS } = require('ali-oss');
const { getCredential } = require('ali-oss/lib/common/signUtils');
const { getStandardRegion } = require('ali-oss/lib/common/utils/getStandardRegion');
const { policy2Str } = require('ali-oss/lib/common/utils/policy2Str');

const app = express();
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 8000; // 服务请求端口号

// 设置静态文件目录
app.use(express.static('templates'));

const GenerateSignature = async () => {
    // 初始化STS客户端
    let sts = new STS({
        accessKeyId: process.env.OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,  // 从环境变量中获取RAM用户的AccessKey ID
        accessKeySecret: process.env.OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET // 从环境变量中获取RAM用户的AccessKey Secret
    });

    // 调用assumeRole接口获取STS临时访问凭证
    const result = await sts.assumeRole(process.env.OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN, '', '3600', 'yourRoleSessionName'); // 从环境变量中获取RAM角色ARN，并设置临时访问凭证有效期为3600秒，角色会话名称为yourRoleSessionName可自定义

    // 提取临时访问凭证中的AccessKeyId、AccessKeySecret和SecurityToken
    const accessKeyId = result.credentials.AccessKeyId;
    const accessKeySecret = result.credentials.AccessKeySecret;
    const securityToken = result.credentials.SecurityToken;

    // 初始化OSS Client
    const client = new OSS({
        bucket: 'examplebucket', // 请替换为目标Bucket名称
        region: 'cn-hangzhou', // 请替换为标Bucket所在地域
        accessKeyId,
        accessKeySecret,
        stsToken: securityToken,
        refreshSTSTokenInterval: 0,
        refreshSTSToken: async () => {
            const { accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, securityToken } = await client.getCredential();
            return { accessKeyId, accessKeySecret, stsToken: securityToken };
        },
    });

    // 创建表单数据Map
    const formData = new Map();

    // 设置签名过期时间为当前时间往后推10分钟 
    const date = new Date();
    const expirationDate = new Date(date);
    expirationDate.setMinutes(date.getMinutes() + 10);

    // 格式化日期为符合ISO 8601标准的UTC时间字符串格式
    function padTo2Digits(num) {
        return num.toString().padStart(2, '0');
    }
    function formatDateToUTC(date) {
        return (
            date.getUTCFullYear() +
            padTo2Digits(date.getUTCMonth() + 1) +
            padTo2Digits(date.getUTCDate()) +
            'T' +
            padTo2Digits(date.getUTCHours()) +
            padTo2Digits(date.getUTCMinutes()) +
            padTo2Digits(date.getUTCSeconds()) +
            'Z'
        );
    }
    const formattedDate = formatDateToUTC(expirationDate);

    // 生成x-oss-credential并设置表单数据
    const credential = getCredential(formattedDate.split('T')[0], getStandardRegion(client.options.region), client.options.accessKeyId);
    formData.set('x_oss_date', formattedDate);
    formData.set('x_oss_credential', credential);
    formData.set('x_oss_signature_version', 'OSS4-HMAC-SHA256');

    // 创建policy
    // 示例policy表单域只列举必填字段
    const policy = {
        expiration: expirationDate.toISOString(),
        conditions: [
            { 'bucket': 'examplebucket'}, 
            { 'x-oss-credential': credential },
            { 'x-oss-signature-version': 'OSS4-HMAC-SHA256' },
            { 'x-oss-date': formattedDate },
        ],
    };

    // 如果存在STS Token，添加到策略和表单数据中
    if (client.options.stsToken) {
        policy.conditions.push({ 'x-oss-security-token': client.options.stsToken });
        formData.set('security_token', client.options.stsToken);
    }

    // 生成签名并设置表单数据
    const signature = client.signPostObjectPolicyV4(policy, date);
    formData.set('policy', Buffer.from(policy2Str(policy), 'utf8').toString('base64'));
    formData.set('signature', signature);

    // 返回表单数据
    return {
        host: `http://${client.options.bucket}.oss-${client.options.region}.aliyuncs.com`, 
        policy: Buffer.from(policy2Str(policy), 'utf8').toString('base64'),
        x_oss_signature_version: 'OSS4-HMAC-SHA256',
        x_oss_credential: credential,
        x_oss_date: formattedDate,
        signature: signature,
        dir: 'user-dir', // 指定上传到OSS的文件前缀
        security_token: client.options.stsToken
    };
};

app.get('/get_post_signature_for_oss_upload', async (req, res) => {
    try {
        const result = await GenerateSignature();
        res.json(result); // 返回生成的签名数据
    } catch (error) {
        console.error('Error generating signature:', error);
        res.status(500).send('Error generating signature');
    }
});

app.listen(PORT, () => {
    console.log(`Server is running on http://127.0.0.1:${PORT}`); // 如果需要监听其他地址如0.0.0.0，需要您自行在服务端添加认证机制
});

Go

执行以下命令安装依赖。

go get -u github.com/aliyun/credentials-go
go mod tidy

请参考如下代码来完成服务端获取临时访问凭证STStoken并构建上传策略以计算POST签名。

package main

import (
    "crypto/hmac"
    "crypto/sha256"
    "encoding/base64"
    "encoding/hex"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "hash"
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "time"
    "github.com/aliyun/credentials-go/credentials"
)

// 定义全局变量
var (
    region     string
    bucketName string
    product    = "oss"
)

// PolicyToken 结构体用于存储生成的表单数据
type PolicyToken struct {
    Policy           string `json:"policy"`
    SecurityToken    string `json:"security_token"`
    SignatureVersion string `json:"x_oss_signature_version"`
    Credential       string `json:"x_oss_credential"`
    Date             string `json:"x_oss_date"`
    Signature        string `json:"signature"`
    Host             string `json:"host"` 
    Dir              string `json:"dir"` 
}

func main() {
    // 定义默认的IP和端口字符串
    strIPPort := ":8000"
    if len(os.Args) == 3 {
    strIPPort = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", os.Args[1], os.Args[2])
    } else if len(os.Args) != 1 {
    fmt.Println("Usage   : go run test1.go                ")
    fmt.Println("Usage   : go run test1.go ip port        ")
    fmt.Println("")
    os.Exit(0)
    }
    // 打印服务器运行的地址和端口
    fmt.Printf("server is running on %s \n", strIPPort)
    // 注册处理根路径请求的函数
    http.HandleFunc("/", handlerRequest)
    // 注册处理获取签名请求的函数
    http.HandleFunc("/get_post_signature_for_oss_upload", handleGetPostSignature)
    // 启动HTTP服务器
    err := http.ListenAndServe(strIPPort, nil)
    if err != nil {
    strError := fmt.Sprintf("http.ListenAndServe failed : %s \n", err.Error())
    panic(strError)
    }
}

// handlerRequest 函数处理根路径请求
func handlerRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.Method == "GET" {
    http.ServeFile(w, r, "templates/index.html")
    return
    }
    http.NotFound(w, r)
}

// handleGetPostSignature 函数处理获取签名请求
func handleGetPostSignature(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.Method == "GET" {
    response := getPolicyToken()
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*") // 允许跨域
    w.Write([]byte(response))
    return
    }
    http.NotFound(w, r)
}

// getPolicyToken 函数生成 OSS 上传所需的签名和凭证
func getPolicyToken() string {
    // 设置bucket所处地域
    region = "cn-hangzhou"
    // 替换为您的bucket名称
    bucketName = "examplebucket"
    // 设置 OSS 上传地址
    host := fmt.Sprintf("https://%s.oss-%s.aliyuncs.com", bucketName, region)
    // 设置上传目录
    dir := "user-dir"

    config := new(credentials.Config).
    SetType("ram_role_arn").
    SetAccessKeyId(os.Getenv("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID")).
    SetAccessKeySecret(os.Getenv("OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET")).
    SetRoleArn("OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN").
    SetRoleSessionName("Role_Session_Name").
    SetPolicy("").
    SetRoleSessionExpiration(3600)

    // 根据配置创建凭证提供器
    provider, err := credentials.NewCredential(config)
    if err != nil {
    log.Fatalf("NewCredential fail, err:%v", err)
    }

    // 从凭证提供器获取凭证
    cred, err := provider.GetCredential()
    if err != nil {
    log.Fatalf("GetCredential fail, err:%v", err)
    }

    // 构建policy
    utcTime := time.Now().UTC()
    date := utcTime.Format("20060102")
    expiration := utcTime.Add(1 * time.Hour)
    policyMap := map[string]any{
    "expiration": expiration.Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z"),
    "conditions": []any{
    map[string]string{"bucket": bucketName},
    map[string]string{"x-oss-signature-version": "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256"},
    map[string]string{"x-oss-credential": fmt.Sprintf("%v/%v/%v/%v/aliyun_v4_request", *cred.AccessKeyId, date, region, product)},
    map[string]string{"x-oss-date": utcTime.Format("20060102T150405Z")},
    map[string]string{"x-oss-security-token": *cred.SecurityToken},
    },
    }

    // 将policy转换为 JSON 格式
    policy, err := json.Marshal(policyMap)
    if err != nil {
    log.Fatalf("json.Marshal fail, err:%v", err)
    }


    // 构造待签名字符串（StringToSign）
    stringToSign := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(policy))

    hmacHash := func() hash.Hash { return sha256.New() }
        // 构建signing key
    signingKey := "aliyun_v4" + *cred.AccessKeySecret
    h1 := hmac.New(hmacHash, []byte(signingKey))
    io.WriteString(h1, date)
    h1Key := h1.Sum(nil)

    h2 := hmac.New(hmacHash, h1Key)
    io.WriteString(h2, region)
    h2Key := h2.Sum(nil)

    h3 := hmac.New(hmacHash, h2Key)
    io.WriteString(h3, product)
    h3Key := h3.Sum(nil)

    h4 := hmac.New(hmacHash, h3Key)
    io.WriteString(h4, "aliyun_v4_request")
    h4Key := h4.Sum(nil)

    // 生成签名
    h := hmac.New(hmacHash, h4Key)
    io.WriteString(h, stringToSign)
    signature := hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil))

    // 构建返回给前端的表单
    policyToken := PolicyToken{
    Policy:           stringToSign,
    SecurityToken:    *cred.SecurityToken,
    SignatureVersion: "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256",
    Credential:       fmt.Sprintf("%v/%v/%v/%v/aliyun_v4_request", *cred.AccessKeyId, date, region, product),
    Date:             utcTime.UTC().Format("20060102T150405Z"),
    Signature:        signature,
    Host:             host, // 返回 OSS 上传地址
    Dir:              dir,  // 返回上传目录
    }

    response, err := json.Marshal(policyToken)
    if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("json err:", err)
    }
    return string(response)
}

PHP

执行以下命令安装依赖。

composer install

请参考如下代码来完成服务端获取临时访问凭证STStoken并构建上传策略以计算POST签名。

<?php

// 引入阿里云SDK
require_once __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use AlibabaCloud\Client\AlibabaCloud;
use AlibabaCloud\Client\Exception\ClientException;
use AlibabaCloud\Client\Exception\ServerException;
use AlibabaCloud\Sts\Sts;

// 禁用错误显示
ini_set('display_errors', '0');


$bucket = 'examplebucket'; // 替换为您的Bucket名称
$region_id = 'cn-hangzhou'; // 替换为您的Bucket所在地域
$host = 'http://examplebucket.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com'; // 替换为您的Bucket域名
$expire_time = 3600; // 过期时间，单位为秒
$upload_dir = 'user-dir'; // 上传文件的前缀

// 计算HMAC-SHA256
function hmacsha256($key, $data) {
    return hash_hmac('sha256', $data, $key, true);
}

// 处理获取POST签名的请求
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'GET' && $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] === '/get_post_signature_for_oss_upload') {

    AlibabaCloud::accessKeyClient(getenv('OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'), getenv('OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'))
        ->regionId('cn-hangzhou')
        ->asDefaultClient();
    // 创建STS请求。
    $request = Sts::v20150401()->assumeRole();
    // 发起STS请求并获取结果。
    // 将<YOUR_ROLE_SESSION_NAME>设置为自定义的会话名称，例如oss-role-session。
    // 将<YOUR_ROLE_ARN>替换为拥有上传文件到指定OSS Bucket权限的RAM角色的ARN。
    $result = $request
        ->withRoleSessionName('oss-role-session')
        ->withDurationSeconds(3600)
        ->withRoleArn(getenv('OSS_STS_ROLE_ARN'))
        ->request();
    // 获取STS请求结果中的凭证信息。
    $tokenData = $result->get('Credentials');
    // 构建返回的JSON数据。
    $tempAccessKeyId = $tokenData['AccessKeyId'];
    $tempAccessKeySecret = $tokenData['AccessKeySecret'];
    $securityToken = $tokenData['SecurityToken'];

    $now = time();
    $dtObj = gmdate('Ymd\THis\Z', $now);
    $dtObj1 = gmdate('Ymd', $now);
    $dtObjPlus3h = gmdate('Y-m-d\TH:i:s.u\Z', strtotime('+3 hours', $now));

    // 构建Policy
    $policy = [
        "expiration" => $dtObjPlus3h,
        "conditions" => [
            ["x-oss-signature-version" => "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256"],
            ["x-oss-credential" => "{$tempAccessKeyId}/{$dtObj1}/cn-hangzhou/oss/aliyun_v4_request"],
            ["x-oss-security-token" => $securityToken],
            ["x-oss-date" => $dtObj],
        ]
    ];

    $policyStr = json_encode($policy);

    // 构造待签名字符串
    $stringToSign = base64_encode($policyStr);

    // 计算SigningKey
    $dateKey = hmacsha256(('aliyun_v4' . $tempAccessKeySecret), $dtObj1);
    $dateRegionKey = hmacsha256($dateKey, 'cn-hangzhou');
    $dateRegionServiceKey = hmacsha256($dateRegionKey, 'oss');
    $signingKey = hmacsha256($dateRegionServiceKey, 'aliyun_v4_request');

    // 计算Signature
    $result = hmacsha256($signingKey, $stringToSign);
    $signature = bin2hex($result);

    // 返回签名数据
    $responseData = [
        'policy' => $stringToSign,
        'x_oss_signature_version' => "OSS4-HMAC-SHA256",
        'x_oss_credential' => "{$tempAccessKeyId}/{$dtObj1}/cn-hangzhou/oss/aliyun_v4_request",
        'x_oss_date' => $dtObj,
        'signature' => $signature,
        'host' => $host,
        'dir' => $upload_dir,
        'security_token' => $securityToken
    ];

    header('Content-Type: application/json');
    echo json_encode($responseData);
    exit;
}

// 首页路由
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'GET' && $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] === '/') {
    echo file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/public/index.html');
    exit;
}

// 其他路由
http_response_code(404);
echo json_encode(['message' => 'Not Found']);
exit;
?>