授权信息

更新时间:
复制为 MD 格式

访问控制(RAM)是阿里云提供的管理用户身份与资源访问权限的服务。使用 RAM 可以让您避免与其他用户共享阿里云账号密钥,并可按需为用户授予最小权限。RAM 中使用权限策略描述授权的具体内容。

本文为您介绍 访问控制 为 RAM 权限策略定义的操作(Action)、资源(Resource)和条件(Condition)。 访问控制 的 RAM 代码(RamCode)为 ram,ims ,支持的授权粒度为 资源级

权限策略通用结构

权限策略支持 JSON 格式,其通用结构如下:

{
  "Version": "1",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "<Effect>",
      "Action": "<Action>",
      "Resource": "<Resource>",
      "Condition": {
        "<Condition_operator>": {
          "<Condition_key>": [
            "<Condition_value>"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}        

各字段含义如下:

  • Effect:权限策略效果。取值:Allow(允许)、Deny(拒绝)。

  • Action:授予允许或拒绝权限的具体操作。具体信息,请参见操作(Action)

  • Resource:受操作影响的具体对象,您可以使用资源 ARN 来描述指定资源。具体信息,请参见资源(Resource)

  • Condition:指授权生效的条件。可选字段。具体信息,请参见条件(Condition)

    • Condition_operator:条件运算符,不同类型的条件对应不同的条件运算符。具体信息,请参见权限策略基本元素

    • Condition_key:条件关键字。

    • Condition_value:条件关键字对应的值。

操作(Action)

下表是访问控制定义的操作,这些操作可以在 RAM 权限策略语句的Action元素中使用,用来授予执行该操作的权限。下面对表中的具体项提供说明:

  • 操作:是指具体的权限点。

  • API:是指操作对应的 API 接口。

  • 访问级别:是指每个操作的访问级别,取值为写入(Write)、读取(Read)或列出(List)。

  • 资源类型:是指操作中支持授权的资源类型。具体说明如下:

    • 对于必选的资源类型,用前面加 * 表示。

    • 对于不支持资源级授权的操作,用全部资源表示。

  • 条件关键字:是指云产品自身定义的条件关键字。该列不体现适用于任何操作的通用条件关键字

  • 关联操作:是指成功执行操作所需要的其他权限。操作者必须同时具备关联操作的权限,操作才能成功。

操作

API

访问级别

资源类型

条件关键字

关联操作

ram:GetAccessKeyInfoInRecycleBin GetAccessKeyInfoInRecycleBin get

*全部资源

*

ram:AddClientIdToOIDCProvider AddClientIdToOIDCProvider create

*OIDCProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:ListOIDCProviders ListOIDCProviders list

*全部资源

*

ram:GetUserSsoSettings GetUserSsoSettings get

*全部资源

*

ram:RemoveClientIdFromOIDCProvider RemoveClientIdFromOIDCProvider delete

*OIDCProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:DeleteAccessKeyInRecycleBin DeleteAccessKeyInRecycleBin delete

*全部资源

*

ram:ProvisionExternalApplication ProvisionExternalApplication update

*全部资源

*

ram:RemoveFingerprintFromOIDCProvider RemoveFingerprintFromOIDCProvider delete

*OIDCProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:SetDefaultDomain SetDefaultDomain update

*全部资源

*

ram:GetGovernanceItemReport GetGovernanceItemReport get

*全部资源

*

ram:GetSAMLProvider GetSAMLProvider get

*SAMLProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:saml-provider/{#SAMLProviderName}

ram:ListPasskeys ListPasskeys none

*全部资源

*

ram:ListExternalApplications ListExternalApplications list

*全部资源

*

ram:DeleteVirtualMFADevice DeleteVirtualMFADevice delete

*MFADevice

acs:ram::{#accountId}:mfa/{#SerialNumber}

ram:GenerateCredentialReport GenerateCredentialReport create

*全部资源

*

ram:GetPasswordPolicy GetPasswordPolicy get

*全部资源

*

ram:ListUsersForGroup ListUsersForGroup list

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/{#GroupName}

ram:GetCredentialReport GetCredentialReport get

*全部资源

*

ram:GetAccountMFAInfo GetAccountMFAInfo get

*全部资源

*

ram:DeletePasskey DeletePasskey none

*全部资源

*

ram:SetPasswordPolicy SetPasswordPolicy update

*全部资源

*

ram:GetAccountSecurityPracticeReport GetAccountSecurityPracticeReport get

*全部资源

*

ram:CreateAccessKey CreateAccessKey create

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:GetGroup GetGroup get

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/{#GroupName}

ram:ListGroups ListGroups list

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/*

ram:ListGroupsForUser ListGroupsForUser list

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:ListUsers ListUsers list

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/*

ram:DeprovisionExternalApplication DeprovisionExternalApplication update

*全部资源

*

ram:ListUsersInRecycleBin ListUsersInRecycleBin list

*全部资源

*

ram:GetAppSecret GetAppSecret get

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:AddUserToGroup AddUserToGroup create

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/{#GroupName}

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:ChangePassword ChangePassword update

*全部资源

*

ram:GetLoginProfile GetLoginProfile get

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:ListSAMLProviders ListSAMLProviders list

*全部资源

*

ram:UpdateUser UpdateUser update

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:UpdateOIDCProvider UpdateOIDCProvider update

*OIDCProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:GetUserInRecycleBin GetUserInRecycleBin get

*全部资源

*

ram:DeleteSAMLProvider DeleteSAMLProvider delete

*SAMLProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:saml-provider/{#SAMLProviderName}

ram:UnbindMFADevice UnbindMFADevice update

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:DeleteApplication DeleteApplication delete

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:CreateLoginProfile CreateLoginProfile create

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:ListUserBasicInfos ListUserBasicInfos list

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/*

ram:ListTagResources ListTagResources list

*全部资源

*

ram:DeleteLoginProfile DeleteLoginProfile delete

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:RestoreUserFromRecycleBin RestoreUserFromRecycleBin delete

*全部资源

*

ram:DeleteUserInRecycleBin DeleteUserInRecycleBin delete

*全部资源

*

ram:CreateOIDCProvider CreateOIDCProvider create

*全部资源

*

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:CreateSAMLProvider CreateSAMLProvider create

*全部资源

*

ram:ListApplications ListApplications get

*全部资源

*

ram:RemoveUserFromGroup RemoveUserFromGroup delete

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/{#GroupName}

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:ListApplicationProvisionInfos ListApplicationProvisionInfos list

*全部资源

*

ram:DeleteGroup DeleteGroup delete

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/{#GroupName}

ram:ListRecentGovernanceMetrics ListRecentGovernanceMetrics list

*全部资源

*

ram:ListAccessKeysInRecycleBin ListAccessKeysInRecycleBin list

*全部资源

*

ram:SetVerificationInfo SetVerificationInfo update

*全部资源

*

ram:UpdatePasskey UpdatePasskey none

*全部资源

*

ram:GetExternalApplication GetExternalApplication get

*全部资源

*

ram:DeleteUser DeleteUser delete

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:DisableVirtualMFA DisableVirtualMFA update

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:GetApplication GetApplication get

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:GetSecurityPreference GetSecurityPreference get

*全部资源

*

ram:ListAccessKeys ListAccessKeys list

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:CreateVirtualMFADevice CreateVirtualMFADevice create

*MFADevice

acs:ram::{#accountId}:mfa/*

ram:UpdateSAMLProvider UpdateSAMLProvider update

*SAMLProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:saml-provider/{#SAMLProviderName}

ram:GetDefaultDomain GetDefaultDomain get

*全部资源

*

ram:GetUserMFAInfo GetUserMFAInfo get

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:RestoreAccessKeyFromRecycleBin RestoreAccessKeyFromRecycleBin delete

*全部资源

*

ram:GetAccountSummary GetAccountSummary get

*全部资源

*

ram:UpdateApplication UpdateApplication update

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:GetAccessKeyLastUsed GetAccessKeyLastUsed get

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:SetUserSsoSettings SetUserSsoSettings update

*全部资源

*

ram:GetOIDCProvider GetOIDCProvider get

*OIDCProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:CreateApplication CreateApplication create

*全部资源

*

ram:ListVirtualMFADevices ListVirtualMFADevices list

*MFADevice

acs:ram::{#accountId}:mfa/*

ram:DeleteAccessKey DeleteAccessKey delete

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:BindMFADevice BindMFADevice update

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:DeprovisionApplication DeprovisionApplication update

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:GetApplicationProvisionInfo GetApplicationProvisionInfo get

*全部资源

*

ram:SetSecurityPreference SetSecurityPreference update

*全部资源

*

ram:MFAOperationForLogin

ram:UntagResources UntagResources update

*全部资源

*

ram:UpdateGroup UpdateGroup update

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/{#GroupName}

ram:DeleteAppSecret DeleteAppSecret delete

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:GetGovernanceReportStatus GetGovernanceReportStatus get

*全部资源

*

ram:TagResources TagResources update

*全部资源

*

ram:AddFingerprintToOIDCProvider AddFingerprintToOIDCProvider create

*OIDCProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:UpdateAccessKey UpdateAccessKey update

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:CreateGroup CreateGroup create

*Group

acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/*

ram:GetVerificationInfo GetVerificationInfo get

*全部资源

*

ram:CreateUser CreateUser create

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/*

ram:UpdateLoginProfile UpdateLoginProfile update

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

ram:CreateAppSecret CreateAppSecret create

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:DeleteOIDCProvider DeleteOIDCProvider delete

*OIDCProvider

acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}

ram:OidcIssuerUrl

ram:GenerateGovernanceReport GenerateGovernanceReport create

*全部资源

*

ram:ListAppSecretIds ListAppSecretIds list

*Application

acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}

ram:ProvisionApplication ProvisionApplication update

*全部资源

*

ram:UnbindVerification UnbindVerification update

*全部资源

*

ram:GetUser GetUser get

*User

acs:ram::{#accountId}:user/{#UserName}

资源(Resource)

下表是访问控制定义的资源,这些资源可以在 RAM 权限策略语句的Resource元素中使用,用来授予对该资源执行具体操作的权限。 其中,资源 ARN 是资源在阿里云上的唯一标识。具体说明如下:

  • {#}为变量标识,需要您替换为实际值。例如:{#ramcode}需要您替换为实际的云服务RAM代码。

  • *表示全部。例如:

    • {#resourceType}*时:表示全部资源。

    • {#regionId}*时:表示全部地域。

    • {#accountId}*时:表示全部阿里云账号。

资源类型

资源 ARN

User
  • acs:ram::{#AccountId}:user/*
  • acs:ram::{#AccountId}:user/{#UserName}
OIDCProvider
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/{#OIDCProviderName}
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:oidc-provider/*
Application
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/*
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:application/{#AppName}
SAMLProvider
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:saml-provider/{#SAMLProviderName}
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:saml-provider/*
MFADevice
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:mfa/{#SerialNumber}
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:mfa/*
Group
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/{#GroupName}
  • acs:ram::{#accountId}:group/*

条件(Condition)

下表是访问控制 定义的产品级条件关键字,这些条件关键字可以在 RAM 权限策略语句的Condition元素中使用,用来描述授予权限的条件。以下仅列举产品级的条件关键字,阿里云定义的通用条件关键字也同样适用访问控制

其中,数据类型决定了您可以使用哪些条件运算符将请求中的值与权限策略语句中的值进行比较。您必须使用与数据类型匹配的条件运算符,否则无法匹配策略语句,授权行为无效。数据类型与条件运算符的对应关系,请参见条件操作类型

条件关键字

描述

类型

ram:OidcIssuerUrl 颁发者URL,由外部IdP提供 String
ram:ServiceCredentialServiceName 服务凭证指定的云服务 String
ram:MFAOperationForLogin 登录时是否必须使用MFA验证 String

相关操作

您可以创建自定义权限策略,并将权限策略授予 RAM 用户、RAM 用户组或 RAM 角色。具体操作如下: