本文中含有需要您注意的重要提示信息,忽略该信息可能对您的业务造成影响,请务必仔细阅读。
与传统文件系统中的层级结构不同,OSS内部使用扁平结构存储数据。即所有数据均以对象(Object)的形式保存在存储空间(Bucket)中。为方便管理,OSS控制台将所有以正斜线(/)结尾的对象显示为目录,实现类似于目录的基本功能。您可以通过目录的层次来组织文件,实现分组并简化权限管理。
注意事项
本文以华东1(杭州)外网Endpoint为例。如果您希望通过与OSS同地域的其他阿里云产品访问OSS,请使用内网Endpoint。关于OSS支持的Region与Endpoint的对应关系,请参见访问域名和数据中心。
本文以从环境变量读取访问凭证为例。如何配置访问凭证,请参见Java配置访问凭证。
本文以OSS域名新建OSSClient为例。如果您希望通过自定义域名、STS等方式新建OSSClient,请参见新建OSSClient。
创建目录
以下代码用于创建目录。
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。
String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
// 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
String bucketName = "examplebucket";
// 填写目录名称,目录需以正斜线结尾。
String objectName = "exampledir/";
// 创建OSSClient实例。
OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);
try {
String content = "";
// 创建PutObjectRequest对象。
PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes()));
// 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限,请参考以下示例代码。
// ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
// metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());
// metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);
// putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);
// 上传字符串。
ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ "such as not being able to access the network.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
}
}
删除目录
您可以通过指定Prefix的方式删除目录及目录下的所有文件。例如,您希望删除存储空间examplebucket下目录log及该目录下的所有文件,请将示例代码中的Prefix参数指定为log/。
警告
删除目录会同步删除目录下包含的子目录以及所有文件,请谨慎操作。
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// yourEndpoint填写Bucket所在地域对应的Endpoint。以华东1(杭州)为例,Endpoint填写为https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com。
String endPoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
// 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
String bucketName = "examplebucket";
// 填写待删除目录的完整路径,完整路径中不包含Bucket名称。
final String prefix = "exampledir/";
// 创建OSSClient实例。
OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endPoint, credentialsProvider);
try {
// 删除目录及目录下的所有文件。
String nextMarker = null;
ObjectListing objectListing = null;
do {
ListObjectsRequest listObjectsRequest = new ListObjectsRequest(bucketName)
.withPrefix(prefix)
.withMarker(nextMarker);
objectListing = ossClient.listObjects(listObjectsRequest);
if (objectListing.getObjectSummaries().size() > 0) {
List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>();
for (OSSObjectSummary s : objectListing.getObjectSummaries()) {
System.out.println("key name: " + s.getKey());
keys.add(s.getKey());
}
DeleteObjectsRequest deleteObjectsRequest = new DeleteObjectsRequest(bucketName).withKeys(keys).withEncodingType("url");
DeleteObjectsResult deleteObjectsResult = ossClient.deleteObjects(deleteObjectsRequest);
List<String> deletedObjects = deleteObjectsResult.getDeletedObjects();
try {
for(String obj : deletedObjects) {
String deleteObj = URLDecoder.decode(obj, "UTF-8");
System.out.println(deleteObj);
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
nextMarker = objectListing.getNextMarker();
} while (objectListing.isTruncated());
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ "such as not being able to access the network.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
}
}
相关文档
关于创建目录的API接口说明,请参见PutObject。
关于删除目录的API接口说明,请参见DeleteObject。
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