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Java管理目录

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重要

本文中含有需要您注意的重要提示信息,忽略该信息可能对您的业务造成影响,请务必仔细阅读。

与传统文件系统中的层级结构不同,OSS内部使用扁平结构存储数据。即所有数据均以对象(Object)的形式保存在存储空间(Bucket)中。为方便管理,OSS控制台将所有以正斜线(/)结尾的对象显示为目录,实现类似于目录的基本功能。您可以通过目录的层次来组织文件,实现分组并简化权限管理。

注意事项

  • 本文以华东1(杭州)外网Endpoint为例。如果您希望通过与OSS同地域的其他阿里云产品访问OSS,请使用内网Endpoint。关于OSS支持的Region与Endpoint的对应关系,请参见访问域名和数据中心

  • 本文以从环境变量读取访问凭证为例。如何配置访问凭证,请参见Java配置访问凭证

  • 本文以OSS域名新建OSSClient为例。如果您希望通过自定义域名、STS等方式新建OSSClient,请参见新建OSSClient

创建目录

以下代码用于创建目录。

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填写目录名称,目录需以正斜线结尾。
        String objectName = "exampledir/";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);

        try {            
            String content = "";

            // 创建PutObjectRequest对象。       
            PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes()));
            
            // 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限,请参考以下示例代码。
            // ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
            // metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());
            // metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);
            // putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);

            // 上传字符串。
            ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

删除目录

您可以通过指定Prefix的方式删除目录及目录下的所有文件。例如,您希望删除存储空间examplebucket下目录log及该目录下的所有文件,请将示例代码中的Prefix参数指定为log/

警告

删除目录会同步删除目录下包含的子目录以及所有文件,请谨慎操作。

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // yourEndpoint填写Bucket所在地域对应的Endpoint。以华东1(杭州)为例,Endpoint填写为https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com。
        String endPoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";


        // 填写待删除目录的完整路径,完整路径中不包含Bucket名称。
        final String prefix = "exampledir/";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endPoint, credentialsProvider);

        try {
            // 删除目录及目录下的所有文件。
            String nextMarker = null;
            ObjectListing objectListing = null;
            do {
                ListObjectsRequest listObjectsRequest = new ListObjectsRequest(bucketName)
                        .withPrefix(prefix)
                        .withMarker(nextMarker);

                objectListing = ossClient.listObjects(listObjectsRequest);
                if (objectListing.getObjectSummaries().size() > 0) {
                    List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>();
                    for (OSSObjectSummary s : objectListing.getObjectSummaries()) {
                        System.out.println("key name: " + s.getKey());
                        keys.add(s.getKey());
                    }
                    DeleteObjectsRequest deleteObjectsRequest = new DeleteObjectsRequest(bucketName).withKeys(keys).withEncodingType("url");
                    DeleteObjectsResult deleteObjectsResult = ossClient.deleteObjects(deleteObjectsRequest);
                    List<String> deletedObjects = deleteObjectsResult.getDeletedObjects();
                    try {
                        for(String obj : deletedObjects) {
                            String deleteObj =  URLDecoder.decode(obj, "UTF-8");
                            System.out.println(deleteObj);
                        }
                    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

                nextMarker = objectListing.getNextMarker();
            } while (objectListing.isTruncated());
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

相关文档

  • 关于创建目录的API接口说明,请参见PutObject

  • 关于删除目录的API接口说明,请参见DeleteObject