通过控制台或Annotations自定义ALB Ingress的转发规则

转发条件

转发条件介绍

ALB Ingress支持在alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.<Service的名称>注解中配置转发条件。不同的路由规则块之间是与的关系，同一个路由规则块中的值是或的关系，例如，如果是两个不同的Header规则块，那么这两个规则块是与的关系，但是同一个Header规则块中设置的值是或的关系。详细的路由规则说明如下。

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.host-example: |
  [{
      "type": "Host",
      "hostConfig": {
        "values": [
          "anno.example.com"
        ]
      }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.path-example: |
  [{
    "type": "Path",
    "pathConfig": {
      "values": [
        "/pathvalue1",
        "/pathvalue2"
      ]
    }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.http-header-example: |
  [{
    "type": "Header",
    "headerConfig": {
      "key": "headername",
      "values": [
        "headervalue1",
        "headervalue2"
      ]
     }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.query-string-example: |
  [{
    "type": "QueryString",
    "queryStringConfig": {
      "values": [
        {
           "key":"querystringkey1",
           "value":"querystringvalue2"
        }
      ]
    }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.http-method-example: |
  [{
    "type": "Method",
    "methodConfig": {
      "values": [
        "GET",
        "HEAD"
      ]
    }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.http-cookie-example: |
  [{
    "type": "Cookie",
    "cookieConfig": {
      "values": [
        {
           "key":"cookiekey1",
           "value":"cookievalue2"
        }
      ]
     }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.source-ip-example: |
  [{
    "type": "SourceIp",
    "sourceIpConfig": {
      "values": [
        "192.168.0.0/16",
        "172.16.0.0/16"
      ]
    }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.response-header-example: |
  [{
    "type": "ResponseHeader",
    "headerConfig": {
      "key": "headername",
      "values": [
        "headervalue1",
        "headervalue2"
      ]
     }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.response-code-example: |
  [{
    "type": "ResponseStatusCode",
    "responseStatusCodeConfig": {
      "values": [
        "statuscode1",
        "statuscode2"
      ]
    }
  }]

场景一：基于SourceIP和Header实现流量分发

以下代码块定义了当请求的IP、Header和路径符合配置时，才能实现目标流量分发。

即当请求源IP为192.168.0.0/16或172.16.0.0/16中的IP地址，请求Header中包含gray-hello，值必须为value1或value2，请求路径为/hello，请求才能路由到gray-hello服务，否则将路由到其他服务。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/order: "1"
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.gray-hello: |
     [{
       "type": "Header",
       "headerConfig": {
          "key":"gray-hello",
           "values": [
              "value1",
              "value2"
           ]
       }
      },
      {
         "type": "SourceIp",
         "sourceIpConfig": {
           "values": [
             "192.168.0.0/16",
             "172.16.0.0/16"
           ]
         }
     }]
  name: gray-hello
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
   - http:
      paths:
      - path: /hello
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific
        backend:
          service:
            name: gray-hello
            port:
              number: 88

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/order：标识Ingress的优先级，数字越小，优先级越高。

场景二：基于域名、请求方法、Cookie实现流量分发

以下代码块定义了只有当请求的域名、请求方法和Cookie符合配置时，才能实现目标流量分发。

即当请求方法为GET或HEAD，请求域名为example.com或*.edu，请求Cookie的键为cookiekey1，值为cookievalue1，请求路径为/test时，请求才能路由到service-a服务，否则将路由到service-b服务。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.service-a: |
     [{
       "type": "Cookie",
       "cookieConfig": {
         "values": [
           {
             "key":"cookiekey1",
             "value":"cookievalue1"
           }
        ]
       }
      },
      {
       "type": "Method",
       "methodConfig": {
         "values": [
           "GET",
           "HEAD"
         ]
       }
      },
     {
       "type": "Host",
       "hostConfig": {
           "values": [
              "example.com",
              "*.edu" 
           ]
       }
      }]
  name: ingress-example
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
   - http:
      paths:
      - path: /test
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific
        backend:
          service:
            name: service-a
            port:
              number: 88
      - path: /test
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific
        backend:
          service:
            name: service-b
            port:
              number: 88

场景三：基于查询字符串、多个Header、多个路径实现流量分发

以下代码块定义了只有当请求的查询字符串、Header、路径符合配置时，才能实现目标流量分发。

即当请求路径是/pathvalue1、/pathvalue2或/test，查询字符串的键为querystringkey1，值为querystringvalue2，请求Header中必须包含headerkey1和headerkey2，请求Header中包含headerkey1，值必须为headervalue1或headervalue2，请求Header包含headerkey2，值必须为headervalue3或headervalue4，才能路由到service-a服务，否则将路由到service-b服务。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.service-a: |
     [{
       "type": "Path",
       "pathConfig": {
           "values": [
              "/pathvalue1",
              "/pathvalue2"
           ]
       }
      },
      {
       "type": "QueryString",
       "queryStringConfig": {
         "values": [
           {
             "key":"querystringkey1",
             "value":"querystringvalue2"
           }
        ]
       }
      },
     {
       "type": "Header",
       "headerConfig": {
          "key":"headerkey1",
           "values": [
              "headervalue1",
              "headervalue2"
           ]
       }
     },
     {
       "type": "Header",
       "headerConfig": {
          "key":"headerkey2",
           "values": [
              "headervalue3",
              "headervalue4"
           ]
       }
     }]
  name: ingress-example
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
   - http:
      paths:
      - path: /test
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific
        backend:
          service:
            name: service-a
            port:
              number: 88
      - path: /test
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific
        backend:
          service:
            name: service-b
            port:
              number: 88

转发动作

转发动作介绍

请求方向的转发动作

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.response-503: |
  [{
      "type": "FixedResponse",
      "FixedResponseConfig": {
          "contentType": "text/plain",
          "httpCode": "503",
          "content": "503 error text"
      }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.redirect: |
  [{
      "type": "Redirect",
      "RedirectConfig": {
          "host": "${host}",
          "path": "${path}",
          "port": "443",
          "protocol": "${protocol}",
          "query": "${query}",
          "httpCode": "301"
      }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.traffic-mirror: |
      [{
          "type": "TrafficMirror",
          "TrafficMirrorConfig": {
              "TargetType" : "ForwardGroupMirror",
              "MirrorGroupConfig": {
                  "ServerGroupTuples" : [{
                      "ServerGroupID": "sgp-2auud2fxj1r46*****"
                  }]
              }
           }
      }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.forward: |
       [{
           "type": "ForwardGroup",
           "ForwardConfig": {
             "ServerGroups" : [{
               "ServiceName": "tea-svc",
               "Weight": 30,
               "ServicePort": 80
             },
             {
               "ServiceName": "coffee-svc",
               "Weight": 20,
               "ServicePort": 80
             },
             {
               "ServerGroupID": "sgp-71aexb9y93ypo*****",
               "Weight": 20
             },
             {
               "ServerGroupID": "sgp-slygpbvm2cydo*****",
               "Weight": 30
             }]
             "ServerGroupStickySession": {
              "Enabled": true,
              "Timeout": 80
             }
           }
       }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.rewrite: |
       [{
           "type": "Rewrite",
           "RewriteConfig": {
               "Host": "demo.domain.ingress.top",
               "Path": "/test",
               "Query": "querystring"
           }
       }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.insert-header: |
  [{
      "type": "InsertHeader",
      "InsertHeaderConfig": {
          "key": "key",
          "value": "value",
          "valueType": "UserDefined"
      }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.remove-header: |
     [{
         "type": "RemoveHeader",
         "RemoveHeaderConfig": {
             "key": "key"
         }
     }]

 annotations:
    alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.traffic-limit: |
      [{
          "type": "TrafficLimit",
          "TrafficLimitConfig": {
              "QPS": "1000",
              "QPSPerIp": "100"
          }
      }]

响应方向的转发动作

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.insert-header: |
  [{
      "type": "InsertHeader",
      "InsertHeaderConfig": {
          "key": "key",
          "value": "value",
          "valueType": "UserDefined"
      }
  }]

alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.remove-header: |
     [{
         "type": "RemoveHeader",
         "RemoveHeaderConfig": {
             "key": "key"
         }
     }]

场景一：设置固定响应503状态码和内容

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  namespace: default
  name: ingress
  annotations:
    alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.response-503: |
      [{
          "type": "FixedResponse",
          "FixedResponseConfig": {
              "contentType": "text/plain",
              "httpCode": "503",
              "content": "503 error text"
          }
      }]
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
    - http:
        paths:
          - path: /
            pathType: Prefix
            backend:
              service:
                name: response-503
                port:
                  name: use-annotation # servicePort的名称必须为use-annotation。

场景二：使用301重定向到HTTPS端口

以下代码块定义了请求服务时，将重定向到服务的HTTPS端口。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  namespace: default
  name: ingress
  annotations:
    alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.redirect: |
      [{
          "type": "Redirect",
          "RedirectConfig": {
              "host": "${host}",
              "path": "${path}",
              "port": "443",
              "protocol": "https",
              "query": "${query}",
              "httpCode": "301"
          }
      }]
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
    - http:
        paths:
          - path: /
            pathType: Prefix
            backend:
              service:
                name: redirect
                port:
                  name: use-annotation # servicePort的名称必须为use-annotation。

场景三：插入source: alibaba请求头

以下代码块定义了请求服务时，将使用source: alibaba覆盖原有请求头。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  namespace: default
  name: ingress
  annotations:
  # 注解中的服务为集群中事实存在的服务，且服务名称必须和rule字段backend下的服务名称一致。
    alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.insert-header: |
      [{
          "type": "InsertHeader",
          "InsertHeaderConfig": {
              "key": "source",
              "value": "alibaba",
              "valueType": "UserDefined"
          }
      }]
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
    - http:
        paths:
          - path: /
            pathType: Prefix
            backend:
              service:
                name: insert-header
                port:
                  number: 80

场景四：流量镜像至服务器组

以下代码块定义了请求服务时，将请求复制到流量镜像服务器组

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: traffic-mirror-ingress
  annotations:
  # mirror-svc必须为下方填入的backend.service之一。
  # ALB Ingress会将转发至mirror-svc的流量镜像到"ServerGroupID"中填入的后端服务器
  # 如果有多个Serice需要配置流量镜像，请为每个Service分别填写一条annotation
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.mirror-svc: |
       [{
           "type": "TrafficMirror",
           "TrafficMirrorConfig": {
              "TargetType" : "ForwardGroupMirror",
              "MirrorGroupConfig": {
                  "ServerGroupTuples" : [{
                      "ServerGroupID": "sgp-2auud2fxj1r46*****"
                  }]
              }
           }
       }]
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
   - host: demo.domain.ingress.top
     http:
      paths:
      - path: /test
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: mirror-svc
            port:
              number: 80

场景五：请求转发至多个后端服务器组

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: forward-ingress
  annotations:
  # 注解中的服务为集群中事实存在的服务，且服务名称必须和rule字段backend下的服务名称一致。
    alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.forward: |
       [{
           "type": "ForwardGroup",
           "ForwardConfig": {
             "ServerGroups" : [{
               "ServiceName": "tea-svc",
               "Weight": 80,
               "ServicePort": 80
             },
             {
               "ServiceName": "coffee-svc",
               "Weight": 20,
               "ServicePort": 80
             }]
           }
       }]
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
   - host: demo.domain.ingress.top
     http:
      paths:
      - path: /path
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: forward
            port:
              name: use-annotation # servicePort的名称必须为use-annotation。

场景六：重写请求配置信息

以下代码块定义了请求服务时，重写请求的域名、路径和字符串。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  namespace: default
  name: rewrite-ingress
  annotations:
    alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.rewrite: |
       [{
           "type": "Rewrite",
           "RewriteConfig": {
               "Host": "demo.domain.ingress.top",
               "Path": "/test",
               "Query": "queryString"
           }
       }]
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
    - http:
        paths:
          - path: /path
            pathType: Prefix
            backend:
              service:
                name: rewrite
                port: 80

场景七：基于ResponseHeader对响应方向的请求头进行修改

以下代码块定义了当匹配到ResponseHeader时，即Header中包含response-hello，值必须为value1或value2，那么将在Header中插入新的请求头source: alibaba。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/rule-direction.response-header: Response
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.response-header: |
     [{
         "type": "ResponseHeader",
         "responseHeaderConfig": {
            "key": "response-hello",
            "values": [
               "value1",
               "value2"
            ]
         }
     }]
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.response-header: |
     [{
         "type": "InsertHeader",
         "InsertHeaderConfig": {
             "key": "source",
             "value": "alibaba",
             "valueType": "UserDefined"
         }
     }]
  name: response-header
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
   - http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific
        backend:
          service:
            name: response-header
            port:
              name: use-annotation # servicePort的名称必须为use-annotation。

场景八：基于响应状态码对响应方向的请求头进行修改

以下代码块定义了仅当响应状态码为200或300时，才会对请求头执行移除操作（将response-hello从请求Header中移除）。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/rule-direction.response-hello: Response
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/conditions.response-hello: |
     [{
       "type": "ResponseStatusCode",
       "responseStatusCodeConfig": {
         "values": [
             "200",
             "300"
         ]
       }
     }]
   alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/actions.response-hello: |
     [{
         "type": "RemoveHeader",
         "RemoveHeaderConfig": {
             "key": "response-hello"
         }
     }]
  name: response-hello
spec:
  ingressClassName: alb
  rules:
   - http:
      paths:
      - path: /*
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific
        backend:
          service:
            name: response-hello
            port:
              name: use-annotation # servicePort的名称必须为use-annotation。

转发条件与动作实践

场景一：基于域名的转发条件和动作，转发至指定的服务