OpenAI Chat接口兼容

百炼为通义千问模型提供了与OpenAI兼容的使用方式。如果您之前使用OpenAI SDK或者其他OpenAI兼容接口（例如langchain_openai SDK），或者HTTP方式调用OpenAI的服务，只需在原有框架下调整API-KEY、BASE_URL、model等参数，就可以直接使用阿里云百炼模型服务。

通过OpenAI SDK调用

前提条件

• 请确保您的计算机上安装了Python环境。

• 请安装最新版OpenAI SDK。

  # 如果下述命令报错，请将pip替换为pip3
  pip install -U openai

• 您需要开通百炼模型服务并获得API-KEY，详情请参考：获取API Key。

• 我们推荐您将API-KEY配置到环境变量中以降低API-KEY的泄露风险，配置方法可参考配置API Key到环境变量。您也可以在代码中配置API-KEY，但是泄露风险会提高。

• 请选择您需要使用的模型：支持的模型列表。

使用方式

您可以参考以下示例来使用OpenAI SDK访问百炼服务上的通义千问模型。

非流式调用示例

from openai import OpenAI
import os

def get_response():
    client = OpenAI(
        api_key=os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"),  # 如果您没有配置环境变量，请用百炼API Key将本行替换为：api_key="sk-xxx"
        base_url="https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1",  # 填写DashScope SDK的base_url
    )
    completion = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="qwen-plus",
        messages=[{'role': 'system', 'content': 'You are a helpful assistant.'},
                  {'role': 'user', 'content': '你是谁？'}]
        )
    print(completion.model_dump_json())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    get_response()

运行代码可以获得以下结果：

{
    "id": "chatcmpl-xxx",
    "choices": [
        {
            "finish_reason": "stop",
            "index": 0,
            "logprobs": null,
            "message": {
                "content": "我是来自阿里云的超大规模预训练模型，我叫通义千问。",
                "role": "assistant",
                "function_call": null,
                "tool_calls": null
            }
        }
    ],
    "created": 1716430652,
    "model": "qwen-plus",
    "object": "chat.completion",
    "system_fingerprint": null,
    "usage": {
        "completion_tokens": 18,
        "prompt_tokens": 22,
        "total_tokens": 40
    }
}

流式调用示例

from openai import OpenAI
import os


def get_response():
    client = OpenAI(
        # 如果您没有配置环境变量，请用百炼API Key将下行替换为：api_key="sk-xxx"
        api_key=os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"),
        # 填写DashScope SDK的base_url
        base_url="https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1",
    )
    completion = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="qwen-plus",
        messages=[{'role': 'system', 'content': 'You are a helpful assistant.'},
                  {'role': 'user', 'content': '你是谁？'}],
        stream=True,
        # 通过以下设置，在流式输出的最后一行展示token使用信息
        stream_options={"include_usage": True}
        )
    for chunk in completion:
        print(chunk.model_dump_json())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    get_response()

运行代码可以获得以下结果：

{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[{"delta":{"content":"","function_call":null,"role":"assistant","tool_calls":null},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":null}
{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[{"delta":{"content":"我是","function_call":null,"role":null,"tool_calls":null},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":null}
{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[{"delta":{"content":"来自","function_call":null,"role":null,"tool_calls":null},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":null}
{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[{"delta":{"content":"阿里","function_call":null,"role":null,"tool_calls":null},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":null}
{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[{"delta":{"content":"云的大规模语言模型","function_call":null,"role":null,"tool_calls":null},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":null}
{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[{"delta":{"content":"，我叫通义千问。","function_call":null,"role":null,"tool_calls":null},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":null}
{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[{"delta":{"content":"","function_call":null,"role":null,"tool_calls":null},"finish_reason":"stop","index":0,"logprobs":null}],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":null}
{"id":"chatcmpl-xxx","choices":[],"created":1719286190,"model":"qwen-plus","object":"chat.completion.chunk","system_fingerprint":null,"usage":{"completion_tokens":16,"prompt_tokens":22,"total_tokens":38}}

function call示例

此处以天气查询工具与时间查询工具为例，向您展示通过OpenAI接口兼容实现function call的功能。示例代码可以实现多轮工具调用。

from openai import OpenAI
from datetime import datetime
import json
import os

client = OpenAI(
    # 若没有配置环境变量，请用百炼API Key将下行替换为：api_key="sk-xxx",
    api_key=os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"),
    base_url="https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1",  # 填写DashScope SDK的base_url
)

# 定义工具列表，模型在选择使用哪个工具时会参考工具的name和description
tools = [
    # 工具1 获取当前时刻的时间
    {
        "type": "function",
        "function": {
            "name": "get_current_time",
            "description": "当你想知道现在的时间时非常有用。",
            # 因为获取当前时间无需输入参数，因此parameters为空字典
            "parameters": {}
        }
    },
    # 工具2 获取指定城市的天气
    {
        "type": "function",
        "function": {
            "name": "get_current_weather",
            "description": "当你想查询指定城市的天气时非常有用。",
            "parameters": { 
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    # 查询天气时需要提供位置，因此参数设置为location
                    "location": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": "城市或县区，比如北京市、杭州市、余杭区等。"
                    }
                }
            },
            "required": [
                "location"
            ]
        }
    }
]

# 模拟天气查询工具。返回结果示例：“北京今天是雨天。”
def get_current_weather(location):
    return f"{location}今天是雨天。 "

# 查询当前时间的工具。返回结果示例：“当前时间：2024-04-15 17:15:18。“
def get_current_time():
    # 获取当前日期和时间
    current_datetime = datetime.now()
    # 格式化当前日期和时间
    formatted_time = current_datetime.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    # 返回格式化后的当前时间
    return f"当前时间：{formatted_time}。"

# 封装模型响应函数
def get_response(messages):
    completion = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="qwen-plus",
        messages=messages,
        tools=tools
        )
    return completion.model_dump()

def call_with_messages():
    print('\n')
    messages = [
            {
                "content": input('请输入：'),  # 提问示例："现在几点了？" "一个小时后几点" "北京天气如何？"
                "role": "user"
            }
    ]
    print("-"*60)
    # 模型的第一轮调用
    i = 1
    first_response = get_response(messages)
    assistant_output = first_response['choices'][0]['message']
    print(f"\n第{i}轮大模型输出信息：{first_response}\n")
    if  assistant_output['content'] is None:
        assistant_output['content'] = ""
    messages.append(assistant_output)
    # 如果不需要调用工具，则直接返回最终答案
    if assistant_output['tool_calls'] == None:  # 如果模型判断无需调用工具，则将assistant的回复直接打印出来，无需进行模型的第二轮调用
        print(f"无需调用工具，我可以直接回复：{assistant_output['content']}")
        return
    # 如果需要调用工具，则进行模型的多轮调用，直到模型判断无需调用工具
    while assistant_output['tool_calls'] != None:
        # 如果判断需要调用查询天气工具，则运行查询天气工具
        if assistant_output['tool_calls'][0]['function']['name'] == 'get_current_weather':
            tool_info = {"name": "get_current_weather", "role":"tool"}
            # 提取位置参数信息
            location = json.loads(assistant_output['tool_calls'][0]['function']['arguments'])['location']
            tool_info['content'] = get_current_weather(location)
        # 如果判断需要调用查询时间工具，则运行查询时间工具
        elif assistant_output['tool_calls'][0]['function']['name'] == 'get_current_time':
            tool_info = {"name": "get_current_time", "role":"tool"}
            tool_info['content'] = get_current_time()
        print(f"工具输出信息：{tool_info['content']}\n")
        print("-"*60)
        messages.append(tool_info)
        assistant_output = get_response(messages)['choices'][0]['message']
        if  assistant_output['content'] is None:
            assistant_output['content'] = ""
        messages.append(assistant_output)
        i += 1
        print(f"第{i}轮大模型输出信息：{assistant_output}\n")
    print(f"最终答案：{assistant_output['content']}")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    call_with_messages()

当输入：杭州和北京天气怎么样？现在几点了？时，程序会进行如下输出：

输入参数配置

输入参数与OpenAI的接口参数对齐，当前已支持的参数如下：

返回参数说明

通过langchain_openai SDK调用

前提条件

• 请确保您的计算机上安装了Python环境。

• 通过运行以下命令安装langchain_openai SDK。

  # 如果下述命令报错，请将pip替换为pip3
  pip install -U langchain_openai

• 您需要开通百炼模型服务并获得API-KEY，详情请参考：获取API Key。

• 我们推荐您将API-KEY配置到环境变量中以降低API-KEY的泄露风险，详情可参考配置API Key到环境变量。您也可以在代码中配置API-KEY，但是泄露风险会提高。

• 请选择您需要使用的模型：支持的模型列表。

使用方式

您可以参考以下示例来通过langchain_openai SDK使用百炼的千问模型。

非流式输出

非流式输出使用invoke方法实现，请参考以下示例代码：

from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
import os

def get_response():
    llm = ChatOpenAI(
        api_key=os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"),  # 如果您没有配置环境变量，请用百炼API Key将本行替换为：api_key="sk-xxx"
        base_url="https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1",  # 填写DashScope base_url
        model="qwen-plus"
        )
    messages = [
        {"role":"system","content":"You are a helpful assistant."}, 
        {"role":"user","content":"你是谁？"}
    ]
    response = llm.invoke(messages)
    print(response.json())

if __name__ == "__main__":
    get_response()

运行代码，可以得到以下结果：

{
    "content": "我是来自阿里云的大规模语言模型，我叫通义千问。",
    "additional_kwargs": {},
    "response_metadata": {
        "token_usage": {
            "completion_tokens": 16,
            "prompt_tokens": 22,
            "total_tokens": 38
        },
        "model_name": "qwen-plus",
        "system_fingerprint": "",
        "finish_reason": "stop",
        "logprobs": null
    },
    "type": "ai",
    "name": null,
    "id": "run-xxx",
    "example": false,
    "tool_calls": [],
    "invalid_tool_calls": []
}

流式输出

流式输出使用stream方法实现，无需在参数中配置stream参数。

from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
import os

def get_response():
    llm = ChatOpenAI(
        api_key=os.getenv("DASHSCOPE_API_KEY"),  # 如果您没有配置环境变量，请用百炼API Key将本行替换为：api_key="sk-xxx"
        base_url="https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1", 
        model="qwen-plus"
        )
    messages = [
        {"role":"system","content":"You are a helpful assistant."}, 
        {"role":"user","content":"你是谁？"},
    ]
    response = llm.stream(messages)
    for chunk in response:
        print(chunk.json())

if __name__ == "__main__":
    get_response()

运行代码，可以得到以下结果：

{"content": "", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "我是", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "来自", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "阿里", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "云", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "的大规模语言模型", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "，我叫通", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "义千问。", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {"finish_reason": "stop"}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": null, "tool_call_chunks": []}
{"content": "", "additional_kwargs": {}, "response_metadata": {}, "type": "AIMessageChunk", "name": null, "id": "run-xxx", "example": false, "tool_calls": [], "invalid_tool_calls": [], "usage_metadata": {"input_tokens": 22, "output_tokens": 16, "total_tokens": 38}, "tool_call_chunks": []}

关于输入参数的配置，可以参考输入参数配置，相关参数在ChatOpenAI对象中定义。

通过HTTP接口调用

您可以通过HTTP接口来调用百炼服务，获得与通过HTTP接口调用OpenAI服务相同结构的返回结果。

前提条件

• 您需要开通百炼模型服务并获得API-KEY，详情请参考：获取API Key。

• 我们推荐您将API-KEY配置到环境变量中以降低API-KEY的泄露风险，配置方法可参考配置API Key到环境变量。您也可以在代码中配置API-KEY，但是泄露风险会提高。

提交接口调用

POST https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1/chat/completions

请求示例

以下示例展示通过cURL命令来调用API的脚本。

非流式输出

curl --location 'https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1/chat/completions' \
--header "Authorization: Bearer $DASHSCOPE_API_KEY" \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data '{
    "model": "qwen-plus",
    "messages": [
        {
            "role": "system",
            "content": "You are a helpful assistant."
        },
        {
            "role": "user", 
            "content": "你是谁？"
        }
    ]
}'

运行命令可得到以下结果：

{
    "choices": [
        {
            "message": {
                "role": "assistant",
                "content": "我是来自阿里云的大规模语言模型，我叫通义千问。"
            },
            "finish_reason": "stop",
            "index": 0,
            "logprobs": null
        }
    ],
    "object": "chat.completion",
    "usage": {
        "prompt_tokens": 11,
        "completion_tokens": 16,
        "total_tokens": 27
    },
    "created": 1715252778,
    "system_fingerprint": "",
    "model": "qwen-plus",
    "id": "chatcmpl-xxx"
}

流式输出

如果您需要使用流式输出，请在请求体中指定stream参数为true。

curl --location 'https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1/chat/completions' \
--header "Authorization: Bearer $DASHSCOPE_API_KEY" \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data '{
    "model": "qwen-plus",
    "messages": [
        {
            "role": "system",
            "content": "You are a helpful assistant."
        },
        {
            "role": "user", 
            "content": "你是谁？"
        }
    ],
    "stream":true
}'

运行命令可得到以下结果：

data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"","role":"assistant"},"index":0,"logprobs":null,"finish_reason":null}],"object":"chat.completion.chunk","usage":null,"created":1715931028,"system_fingerprint":null,"model":"qwen-plus","id":"chatcmpl-3bb05cf5cd819fbca5f0b8d67a025022"}

data: {"choices":[{"finish_reason":null,"delta":{"content":"我是"},"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"object":"chat.completion.chunk","usage":null,"created":1715931028,"system_fingerprint":null,"model":"qwen-plus","id":"chatcmpl-3bb05cf5cd819fbca5f0b8d67a025022"}

data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"来自"},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"object":"chat.completion.chunk","usage":null,"created":1715931028,"system_fingerprint":null,"model":"qwen-plus","id":"chatcmpl-3bb05cf5cd819fbca5f0b8d67a025022"}

data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"阿里"},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"object":"chat.completion.chunk","usage":null,"created":1715931028,"system_fingerprint":null,"model":"qwen-plus","id":"chatcmpl-3bb05cf5cd819fbca5f0b8d67a025022"}

data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"云的大规模语言模型"},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"object":"chat.completion.chunk","usage":null,"created":1715931028,"system_fingerprint":null,"model":"qwen-plus","id":"chatcmpl-3bb05cf5cd819fbca5f0b8d67a025022"}

data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"，我叫通义千问。"},"finish_reason":null,"index":0,"logprobs":null}],"object":"chat.completion.chunk","usage":null,"created":1715931028,"system_fingerprint":null,"model":"qwen-plus","id":"chatcmpl-3bb05cf5cd819fbca5f0b8d67a025022"}

data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":""},"finish_reason":"stop","index":0,"logprobs":null}],"object":"chat.completion.chunk","usage":null,"created":1715931028,"system_fingerprint":null,"model":"qwen-plus","id":"chatcmpl-3bb05cf5cd819fbca5f0b8d67a025022"}

data: [DONE]

输入参数的详情请参考输入参数配置。

异常响应示例

在访问请求出错的情况下，输出的结果中会通过 code 和 message 指明出错原因。

{
    "error": {
        "message": "Incorrect API key provided. ",
        "type": "invalid_request_error",
        "param": null,
        "code": "invalid_api_key"
    }
}

状态码说明