更新时间:2018-09-26 10:33
为方便其它语言能快速实现,在此增加了HTTP的详解
注:云通信下的四类产品(包括短信、语音、流量、隐私保护),接口协议一致
对应的协议是:
发生通话行为后的话单消息回执采用的是阿里云的消息中间件MNS来实现
由于POP的签名算法比较复杂,下面这里结合AXB的绑定API进行详细说明
请求示例:
GET /?Signature=zJDF%2BLrzhj%2FThnlvIToysFRq6t4%3D&AccessKeyId=testId&Action=BindAxb&Format=XML&OutId=123&PhoneNumbers=15300000001&RegionId=cn-hangzhou&SignName=%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91%E7%9F%AD%E4%BF%A1%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8&SignatureMethod=HMAC-SHA1&SignatureNonce=45e25e9b-0a6f-4070-8c85-2956eda1b466&SignatureVersion=1.0&PoolKey=FC123456&PhoneNoA=170000000&PhoneNoB=171000000&ExpireDate=2017-07-12T02%3A42%3A19Z&Timestamp=2017-07-12T02%3A42%3A19Z&Version=2017-05-25
HTTP/1.1
Host: dyplsapi.aliyuncs.com
...
返回示例:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><BindAxbResponse>
<Code>OK</Code>
<Message>OK</Message>
<RequestId>E8534574-7381-4810-8F70-65B37BBA8970</RequestId><SubsId>108374502347^1111325525761</SubsId>
<SecretNo>1350000000</SecretNo>
</BindAxbResponse>
如HTTP示例包中,请求的参数可以分两大块:系统参数 和 业务参数
系统参数为POP协议的基本参数,有
参数KEY | 是否必填 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
AccessKeyId | 是 | |
Timestamp | 是 | 格式为:yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ss’Z’;时区为:GMT |
Format | 否 | 没传默认为JSON,可选填值:XML |
SignatureMethod | 是 | 建议固定值:HMAC-SHA1 |
SignatureVersion | 是 | 建议固定值:1.0 |
SignatureNonce | 是 | 用于请求的防重放攻击,每次请求唯一,JAVA语言建议用:java.util.UUID.randomUUID()生成即可 |
Signature | 是 | 最终生成的签名结果值 |
参数KEY | 是否必填 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
Action | 是 | API的命名,固定值,如发绑定AXB:BindAxb |
Version | 是 | API的版本,固定值,如短信API的值为:2017-05-25 |
RegionId | 是 | API支持的RegionID,如短信API的值为:cn-hangzhou |
PoolKey | 是 | 具体见API文档描述 |
PhoneNoA | 是 | 具体见API文档描述 |
PhoneNoB | 是 | 具体见API文档描述 |
Expiration | 否 | 具体见API文档描述 |
OutId | 否 | 具体见API文档描述 |
签名是为了让请求合法,共分为五步:
String accessKeyId = "testId";
String accessSecret = "testSecret";
java.text.SimpleDateFormat df = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss'Z'");
df.setTimeZone(new java.util.SimpleTimeZone(0, "GMT"));// 这里一定要设置GMT时区
java.util.Map<String, String> paras = new java.util.HashMap<String, String>();
①.系统参数
paras.put("SignatureMethod", "HMAC-SHA1");
paras.put("SignatureNonce", java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString());
paras.put("AccessKeyId", accessKeyId);
paras.put("SignatureVersion", "1.0");
paras.put("Timestamp", df.format(new java.util.Date()));
paras.put("Format", "XML");
②.业务API参数
paras.put("Action", "BindAxb");
paras.put("Version", "2017-05-25");
paras.put("RegionId", "cn-hangzhou");
paras.put("PoolKey", "FC123456");
paras.put("PhoneNoA", "1700000000");
paras.put("PhoneNoB", "1700000000");
paras.put("Expiration", "2017-05-25 00:00:00");
paras.put("OutId", "123");
③.去除签名关键字Key
if (paras.containsKey("Signature"))
paras.remove("Signature");
参考代码如下:
java.util.TreeMap<String, String> sortParas = new java.util.TreeMap<String, String>();
sortParas.putAll(paras);
首先介绍下面会用到的特殊URL编码这个是POP特殊的一种规则,即在一般的URLEncode后再增加三种字符替换:加号(+)
替换成 %20
、星号(*)
替换成 %2A
、%7E
替换回波浪号(~)
参考代码如下:
public static String specialUrlEncode(String value) throws Exception {
return java.net.URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8").replace("+", "%20").replace("*", "%2A").replace("%7E", "~");
}
构造待签名的请求串这里有两步动作第1步,把排序后的参数顺序拼接成如下格式:
* specialUrlEncode(参数Key) + "=" + specialUrlEncode(参数值)
参考代码如下:
java.util.Iterator<String> it = sortParas.keySet().iterator();
StringBuilder sortQueryStringTmp = new StringBuilder();
while (it.hasNext()) {
String key = it.next();
sortQueryStringTmp.append("&").append(specialUrlEncode(key)).append("=").append(specialUrlEncode(paras.get(key)));
}
String sortedQueryString = sortQueryStringTmp.substring(1);// 去除第一个多余的&符号
打印上面的sortQueryString
结果如下:
AccessKeyId=testId&Action=BindAxb&Format=XML&OutId=123&RegionId=cn-hangzhou&SignatureMethod=HMAC-SHA1&SignatureNonce=45e25e9b-0a6f-4070-8c85-2956eda1b466&SignatureVersion=1.0&PoolKey=FC123456&PhoneNoA=170000000&PhoneNoB=17100000000&Expiration=2017-07-12T02%3A42%3A19Z&Timestamp=2017-07-12T02%3A42%3A19Z&Version=2017-05-25`
第2步,按POP的签名规则拼接成最终的待签名串,规则如下:
* HTTPMethod + “&” + specialUrlEncode(“/”) + ”&” + specialUrlEncode(sortedQueryString)
参考代码如下:
StringBuilder stringToSign = new StringBuilder();
stringToSign.append("GET").append("&");
stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode("/")).append("&");
stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode(sortedQueryString));
这就完成了待签名的请求字符串了打印结果如下:
GET&%2F&AccessKeyId%3DtestId&Action%BindAxb&Format%3DXML&OutId%3D123&PhoneNoA%3D17000000000&RegionId%3Dcn-hangzhou&PhoneNob%3D171000000000&SignatureMethod%3DHMAC-SHA1&SignatureNonce%3D45e25e9b-0a6f-4070-8c85-2956eda1b466&SignatureVersion%3D1.0&PoolKey%3DFC123456&Expiration%3D2017-07-12T02%253A42%253A19Z&Timestamp%3D2017-07-12T02%253A42%253A19Z&Version%3D2017-05-25`
签名采用HmacSHA1算法 + Base64,编码采用:UTF-8参考代码如下:
String sign = sign(accessSecret + "&", stringToSign.toString());
public static String sign(String accessSecret, String stringToSign) throws Exception {
javax.crypto.Mac mac = javax.crypto.Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
mac.init(new javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec(accessSecret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA1"));
byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
return new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode(signData);
}
参数说明:
accessSecret
:你的AccessKeyId
对应的秘钥AccessSecret
,特别说明:POP要求需要后面多加一个“&
”字符,即accessSecret + “&”
stringToSign
:即第三步生成的待签名请求串签名后的结果打印如下:
zJDF+Lrzhj/ThnlvIToysFRq6t4=
注意:签名也要做特殊URL编码
String Signature = specialUrlEncode(sign);// zJDF%2BLrzhj%2FThnlvIToysFRq6t4%3D
public class SignDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String accessKeyId = "testId";
String accessSecret = "testSecret";
java.text.SimpleDateFormat df = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss'Z'");
df.setTimeZone(new java.util.SimpleTimeZone(0, "GMT"));// 这里一定要设置GMT时区
java.util.Map<String, String> paras = new java.util.HashMap<String, String>();
// 1. 系统参数
paras.put("SignatureMethod", "HMAC-SHA1");
paras.put("SignatureNonce", java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString());
paras.put("AccessKeyId", accessKeyId);
paras.put("SignatureVersion", "1.0");
paras.put("Timestamp", df.format(new java.util.Date()));
paras.put("Format", "XML");
// 2. 业务API参数
paras.put("Action", "SendSms");
paras.put("Version", "2017-05-25");
paras.put("RegionId", "cn-hangzhou");
paras.put("PhoneNumbers", "15300000001");
paras.put("SignName", "阿里云短信测试专用");
paras.put("TemplateParam", "{\"customer\":\"test\"}");
paras.put("TemplateCode", "SMS_71390007");
paras.put("OutId", "123");
// 3. 去除签名关键字Key
if (paras.containsKey("Signature"))
paras.remove("Signature");
// 4. 参数KEY排序
java.util.TreeMap<String, String> sortParas = new java.util.TreeMap<String, String>();
sortParas.putAll(paras);
// 5. 构造待签名的字符串
java.util.Iterator<String> it = sortParas.keySet().iterator();
StringBuilder sortQueryStringTmp = new StringBuilder();
while (it.hasNext()) {
String key = it.next();
sortQueryStringTmp.append("&").append(specialUrlEncode(key)).append("=").append(specialUrlEncode(paras.get(key)));
}
String sortedQueryString = sortQueryStringTmp.substring(1);// 去除第一个多余的&符号
StringBuilder stringToSign = new StringBuilder();
stringToSign.append("GET").append("&");
stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode("/")).append("&");
stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode(sortedQueryString));
String sign = sign(accessSecret + "&", stringToSign.toString());
// 6. 签名最后也要做特殊URL编码
String signature = specialUrlEncode(sign);
System.out.println(paras.get("SignatureNonce"));
System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
System.out.println(paras.get("Timestamp"));
System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
System.out.println(sortedQueryString);
System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
System.out.println(stringToSign.toString());
System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
System.out.println(sign);
System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
System.out.println(signature);
System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
// 最终打印出合法GET请求的URL
System.out.println("http://dysmsapi.aliyuncs.com/?Signature=" + signature + sortQueryStringTmp);
}
public static String specialUrlEncode(String value) throws Exception {
return java.net.URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8").replace("+", "%20").replace("*", "%2A").replace("%7E", "~");
}
public static String sign(String accessSecret, String stringToSign) throws Exception {
javax.crypto.Mac mac = javax.crypto.Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
mac.init(new javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec(accessSecret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA1"));
byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
return new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode(signData);
}
}
`
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