创建和删除SLB实例 - 负载均衡

本文介绍如何使用Python SDK创建一个SLB实例，创建成功后删除该实例。

前提条件

在开始运行示例脚本前，您需要确保已完成以下准备工作：

因为使用Python SDK创建SLB实例会产生实例费，所以确保您的阿里云账户金额不少于100元。
获取AccessKey。
确保您已经有了用于身份验证的AccessKey ID和AccessKey Secret。如果尚未获取AK，参考查询获取获取AccessKey。
下载阿里云负载均衡python SDK场景示例的SLB Python Example库。
进入setup.py所在的目录，执行如下命令，完成环境初始化配置。
```
python setup.py install
```

背景信息

在华北3（张家口）地域创建一个名为SLB1的SLB实例，主可用区为cn-zhangjiakou-a，备可用区为cn-zhangjiakou-b，实例计费类型为按量计费，规格为slb.s1.small，监听的带宽峰值为1Mbps，其他参数使用默认值。实例创建成功后，删除该实例。

操作步骤

在下载的SDK目录中，打开aliyun-openapi-python-sdk-examples\sdk_examples\examples\slb文件夹。

使用编辑器打开slb_quick_start.py文件，您需要配置用户鉴权参数ACS_CLIENT，其他参数根据实际情况配置后，保存退出。

说明因为用户鉴权是每个SDK必须执行的操作，所以可以在常量文件中配置 AcsClient参数的值，在场景代码中调用常量文件。

# encoding=utf-8
import sys
import json

# 调用AcsClient参数进行身份验证
from aliyunsdkcore.client import AcsClient
# 使用阿里云官方sdk的异常处理模块
from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException, ClientException
# 调用上传证书的API
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import UploadServerCertificateRequest
# 调用创建SLB实例API
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import CreateLoadBalancerRequest
# 调用添加默认服务器组API
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import AddBackendServersRequest
# 调用创建HTTPS监听的API
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import CreateLoadBalancerHTTPSListenerRequest
# 调用修改HTTPS监听的API
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import SetLoadBalancerHTTPSListenerAttributeRequest
# 调用删除SLB实例API
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import DeleteLoadBalancerRequest
##异常处理逻辑
from sdk_lib.exception import ExceptionHandler
# 命令行导入日志
from sdk_lib.common_util import CommonUtil

# 用户身份鉴权参数配置
ACS_CLIENT = AcsClient(
    'your-access-key-id',  # your-access-key-id
    'your-access-key-secret',  # your-access-key-secret
    'cn-zhangjiakou',  # your-region-id
)
# 失败重试次数
TRY_TIME = 3
'''
创建slb实例->上传服务器证书->创建https监听->上传新的服务器证书
->循环修改https监听配置
'''


def create_load_balancer(params):
    '''
    create_load_balancer：创建slb实例
    官网API参考链接：help.aliyun.com/document_detail/27577.html
    '''
    try:
        # 设置创建SLB实例的调用参数
        request = CreateLoadBalancerRequest.CreateLoadBalancerRequest()
        request.set_MasterZoneId(params["master_zone_id"])
        request.set_SlaveZoneId(params["slave_zone_id"])
        request.set_LoadBalancerName(params["load_balancer_name"])
        request.set_PayType(params["pay_balancer_type"])
        # 发送调用请求并接收返回数据
        response = ACS_CLIENT.do_action_with_exception(request)
        response_json = json.loads(response)
        # 返回结果
        return response_json
    except ServerException as e:
        ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
    except ClientException as e:
        ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)


def add_backend_servers(params):
    '''
    add_backend_servers：添加后端服务器

    '''
    counter = 0
    while counter < TRY_TIME:
        try:
            # 设置添加默认服务器组的调用参数
            request = AddBackendServersRequest.AddBackendServersRequest()
            # 负载均衡实例的ID
            request.set_LoadBalancerId(params["load_balancer_id"])
            # 要添加的后端服务器列表
            request.set_BackendServers(params["backend_servers"])
            # 发送调用请求并接收返回数据
            response = ACS_CLIENT.do_action_with_exception(request)
            response_json = json.loads(response)
            # 返回结果
            return response_json
        except ServerException as e:
            if ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e):
                return e
        except ClientException as e:
            if ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e):
                return e
        finally:
            counter += 1


def upload_server_certificate(params):
    '''
    upload_server_certificate：上传服务器证书

    '''
    counter = 0
    while counter < TRY_TIME:
        try:
            request = UploadServerCertificateRequest.UploadServerCertificateRequest()
            # 要上传的公钥证书
            request.set_ServerCertificate(params["server_certificate"])
            # 需要上传的私钥
            request.set_PrivateKey(params["private_key"])
            # 发送调用请求并接收返回数据
            response = ACS_CLIENT.do_action_with_exception(request)
            response_json = json.loads(response)
            # 返回结果
            return response_json
        except ServerException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
        except ClientException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)
        finally:
            counter += 1


def create_https_listener(params):
    '''
    create_https_listener：创建HTTPS监听

    '''
    counter = 0
    while counter < TRY_TIME:
        try:
            request = CreateLoadBalancerHTTPSListenerRequest.CreateLoadBalancerHTTPSListenerRequest()
            # 负载均衡实例的ID
            request.set_LoadBalancerId(params["load_balancer_id"])
            # 监听的带宽峰值
            request.set_Bandwidth(params["bandwidth"])
            # 负载均衡实例前端使用的端口
            request.set_ListenerPort(params["listener_port"])
            # 是否开启健康检查
            request.set_HealthCheck(params["health_check"])
            # 是否开启会话保持
            request.set_StickySession(params["sticky_session"])
            # 负载均衡实例后端使用的端口
            request.set_BackendServerPort(params["backend_server_port"])
            # 服务器证书的ID
            request.set_ServerCertificateId(params["server_certificate_id"])
            # 发送调用请求并接收返回数据
            response = ACS_CLIENT.do_action_with_exception(request)
            response_json = json.loads(response)
            # 返回结果
            return response_json
        except ServerException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
        except ClientException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)
        finally:
            counter += 1


def set_https_listener_attribute(params):
    '''
    set_https_listener_attribute：修改HTTPS监听的配置

    '''
    counter = 0
    while counter < TRY_TIME:
        try:
            request = SetLoadBalancerHTTPSListenerAttributeRequest.SetLoadBalancerHTTPSListenerAttributeRequest()
            # 负载均衡实例的ID
            request.set_LoadBalancerId(params["load_balancer_id"])
            # 监听的带宽峰值
            request.set_Bandwidth(params["bandwidth"])
            # 负载均衡实例前端使用的端口
            request.set_ListenerPort(params["listener_port"])
            # 是否开启健康检查
            request.set_HealthCheck(params["health_check"])
            # 是否开启会话保持
            request.set_StickySession(params["sticky_session"])
            # 服务器证书的ID
            request.set_ServerCertificateId(params["server_certificate_id"])
            # 发送调用请求并接收返回数据
            response = ACS_CLIENT.do_action_with_exception(request)
            response_json = json.loads(response)
            # 返回结果
            return response_json
        except ServerException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
        except ClientException as e:
            ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)
        finally:
            counter += 1


def delete_load_balancer(load_balancer_id):
    '''
    delete_load_balancer：删除slb实例

    '''
    try:
        # 设置删除SLB实例的调用参数
        request = DeleteLoadBalancerRequest.DeleteLoadBalancerRequest()
        # 负载均衡实例的ID
        request.set_LoadBalancerId(load_balancer_id)
        # 发送调用请求并接收返回数据
        response = ACS_CLIENT.do_action_with_exception(request)
        response_json = json.loads(response)
        # 返回结果
        return response_json
    except ServerException as e:
        ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
    except ClientException as e:
        ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)


def main():
    params = {}
    # 设置创建SLB实例的参数
    # 设置新建SLB实例的主可用区为cn-zhangjiakou-a
    params["master_zone_id"] = "cn-zhangjiakou-a"
    # 设置新建SLB实例的备可用区为cn-zhangjiakou-b
    params["slave_zone_id"] = "cn-zhangjiakou-b"
    # 设置新建SLB实例的名称为SLB1
    params["load_balancer_name"] = "SLB1"
    # 设置新建SLB实例的计费类型为按量计费
    params["pay_balancer_type"] = "PayOnDemand"

    # 设置添加到默认服务器组的ECS的实例ID和权重
    params["backend_servers"] = [{"ServerId": "i-8vbe8yixxxxxxxxxxxxxw", "Weight": "100"},
                                 {"ServerId": "i-8vbe8yxxxxxxxxxxxxxj9v", "Weight": "100"}]

    # 设置上传服务器证书的参数

    # 设置创建HTTPS监听的参数
    # 关闭健康检查
    params["health_check"] = "off"
    # 设置监听的带宽峰值
    params["bandwidth"] = 6
    # 负载均衡实例前端使用的端口
    params["listener_port"] = 80
    # 设置负载均衡实例后端使用的端口
    params["backend_server_port"] = 443
    # 关闭会话保持
    params["sticky_session"] = "off"

    # 创建slb实例
    # 获取create_load_balancer函数返回值，load_balancer_json为结果的json串
    load_balancer_json = create_load_balancer(params)
    # 打印 load_balancer_json结果，其中"create_load_balancer"是对json串起的名字
    CommonUtil.log("create_load_balancer", load_balancer_json)

    # 上传服务器证书
    # 要上传的公钥证书
    params["server_certificate"] = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----xxxxxxx-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
    params["private_key"] = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----xxxxxxxxxxx-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
    result_json = upload_server_certificate(params)
    CommonUtil.log("upload_server_certificate", result_json)
    params["server_certificate_id"] = result_json["ServerCertificateId"]

    # slb实例id
    params["load_balancer_id"] = load_balancer_json["LoadBalancerId"]

    # 创建https监听
    result_json = create_https_listener(params)
    CommonUtil.log("create_https_listener", result_json)

    # 上传新的服务器证书
    # 要上传的新公钥证书
    params["server_certificate"] = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----xxxxxxx-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
    params["private_key"] = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----xxxxxxxxxxx-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
    result_json = upload_server_certificate(params)
    CommonUtil.log("upload_server_certificate", result_json)
    params["server_certificate_id"] = result_json["ServerCertificateId"]

    # 修改https监听配置
    result_json = set_https_listener_attribute(params)
    CommonUtil.log("set_https_listener_attribute", result_json)

    # 删除slb实例
    # 删除返回的LoadBalancerId对应的SLB实例
    load_balancer_json = delete_load_balancer(load_balancer_json["LoadBalancerId"])
    # 打印 load_balancer_json结果
    CommonUtil.log("delete_load_balancer", load_balancer_json)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())

进入slb_quick_start.py所在的目录，执行如下命令，运行创建和删除SLB实例示例。

python slb_quick_start.py

系统显示类似如下：


---------------------------create_load_balancer---------------------------
{
  "VpcId": "",
  "AddressIPVersion": "ipv4",
  "LoadBalancerName": "SLB1",
  "ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxxxxxxxxxy",
  "VSwitchId": "",
  "RequestId": "070A9361-EA2B-4A4E-91E8-F70C1E47866A",
  "Address": "172.16.XX.XX",
  "NetworkType": "classic",
  "LoadBalancerId": "lb-8vbninnfxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
}

---------------------------delete_load_balancer---------------------------
{
  "RequestId": "4825E5BB-5131-4A1E-AF67-0EF3E8E5B323"
}