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Java静态网站托管（镜像回源）

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您可以将存储空间（Bucket）设置为静态网站托管模式并设置镜像回源的跳转规则（RoutingRule）。静态网站托管模式配置生效后，访问网站相当于访问Bucket，并且能够自动跳转至指定的索引页面和错误页面。镜像回源的跳转规则配置生效后，可用于数据无缝迁移到OSS的场景。

注意事项

  • 本文以华东1（杭州）外网Endpoint为例。如果您希望通过与OSS同地域的其他阿里云产品访问OSS，请使用内网Endpoint。关于OSS支持的Region与Endpoint的对应关系，请参见OSS访问域名、数据中心、开放端口。

  • 本文以从环境变量读取访问凭证为例。如何配置访问凭证，请参见Java配置访问凭证。

  • 本文以OSS域名新建OSSClient为例。如果您希望通过自定义域名、STS等方式新建OSSClient，请参见新建OSSClient。

  • 要设置静态网站托管或者镜像回源，您必须有oss:PutBucketWebsite权限；要获取静态网站托管或者镜像回源，您必须有oss:GetBucketWebsite权限；要删除静态网站托管或者镜像回源，您必须有oss:DeleteBucketWebsite权限。具体操作，请参见为RAM用户授权自定义的权限策略。

静态网站托管

  • 设置静态网站托管

    以下代码用于设置静态网站托管：

    import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.SetBucketWebsiteRequest;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            // 填写Bucket名称。
            SetBucketWebsiteRequest request = new SetBucketWebsiteRequest(bucketName);
            // 设置静态网站托管的默认主页。
            request.setIndexDocument("index.html");
            // 设置静态网站托管的默认404页。
            request.setErrorDocument("error.html");
            ossClient.setBucketWebsite(request);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

  • 查看静态网站托管配置

    以下代码用于查看静态网站托管配置：

    import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.BucketWebsiteResult;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            // 填写Bucket名称。
            BucketWebsiteResult result = ossClient.getBucketWebsite(bucketName);
            // 查看静态网站托管配置的默认首页和默认404页。
            System.out.println(result.getIndexDocument());
            System.out.println(result.getErrorDocument());
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

  • 删除静态网站托管配置

    以下代码用于删除静态网站托管配置：

    import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            // 填写Bucket名称。
            ossClient.deleteBucketWebsite(bucketName);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

镜像回源

镜像回源主要用于数据无缝迁移到OSS的场景。例如某服务已经在用户建立的源站或者在其他云产品上运行，现因业务发展，需要将服务迁移至OSS，迁移时需保证服务的正常运行。您可以在迁移过程中使用镜像回源规则获取未迁移至OSS的部分数据，保证服务的正常运行。

  • 设置镜像回源

    例如，当请求者访问目标Bucket中不存在的文件时，可以通过指定回源条件和回源地址，从源站中获取目标文件。例如您在华东1（杭州）有名为examplebucket的Bucket，您希望请求者访问Bucket根目录下examplefolder目录中不存在的文件时，可以从https://www.example.com/站点的examplefolder目录获取目标文件。

    以下代码用于设置符合上述场景的镜像回源规则：

    import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.RoutingRule;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.SetBucketWebsiteRequest;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            SetBucketWebsiteRequest request = new SetBucketWebsiteRequest(bucketName);
            // 设置默认主页后，访问以非正斜线（/）结尾的Object，且该Object不存在时的行为。
            //request.setSubDirType(null);
            // 指定访问子目录时，是否支持转到子目录下的默认主页。
            //request.setSupportSubDir(false);

            List<RoutingRule> routingRules = new ArrayList<RoutingRule>();

            RoutingRule rule = new RoutingRule();
            rule.setNumber(1);
            // 只有匹配此前缀的Object才能匹配此规则。
            rule.getCondition().setKeyPrefixEquals("examplebucket");
            // 访问指定Object时，返回status 404才能匹配此规则。
            rule.getCondition().setHttpErrorCodeReturnedEquals(404);
            // 指定跳转的类型。
            rule.getRedirect().setRedirectType(RoutingRule.RedirectType.Mirror);
            // 指定镜像回源的源站地址。例如https://www.example.com/。
            rule.getRedirect().setMirrorURL("<yourMirrorURL>");
            //rule.getRedirect().setMirrorRole("AliyunOSSMirrorDefaultRole");
            // 指定执行跳转或者镜像回源规则时，是否携带请求参数。
            rule.getRedirect().setPassQueryString(true);
            // 与PassQueryString作用相同，优先级高于PassQueryString。只有设置RedirectType为Mirror时生效。
            rule.getRedirect().setMirrorPassQueryString(true);
            // 指定跳转时返回的状态码。只有设置RedirectType为External或者AliCDN时生效。
            //rule.getRedirect().setHttpRedirectCode(302);
            // 指定跳转时的域名，域名需符合域名规范。
            //rule.getRedirect().setHostName("oss.aliyuncs.com");
            // 指定跳转时的协议。只有设置RedirectType为External或者AliCDN时才生效。
            //rule.getRedirect().setProtocol(RoutingRule.Protocol.Https);
            // Redirect时Object名称将替换成ReplaceKeyWith指定的值，ReplaceKeyWith支持设置变量。
            //rule.getRedirect().setReplaceKeyWith("${key}.jpg");
            // 如果设置此字段为true，则Object的前缀将被替换为ReplaceKeyPrefixWith指定的值。
            rule.getRedirect().setEnableReplacePrefix(true);
            // Redirect时Object名称的前缀将替换成该值。
            rule.getRedirect().setReplaceKeyPrefixWith("examplebucket");
            // 是否检查回源body的MD5。只有设置RedirectType为Mirror时生效。
            rule.getRedirect().setMirrorCheckMd5(true);

            RoutingRule.MirrorHeaders mirrorHeaders = new RoutingRule.MirrorHeaders();
            // 是否透传除以下Header之外的其他Header到源站。只有设置RedirectType为Mirror时生效。
            mirrorHeaders.setPassAll(false);
            List passes = new ArrayList<String>();
            passes.add("cache-control");
            // 透传指定的Header到源站。只有设置RedirectType为Mirror时生效。
            mirrorHeaders.setPass(passes);
            List removes = new ArrayList<String>();
            removes.add("content-type");
            // 禁止透传指定的Header到源站。只有设置RedirectType为Mirror时生效。
            mirrorHeaders.setRemove(removes);
            List sets = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
            Map header1 = new HashMap<String, String>();
            header1.put("Key", "key1");
            header1.put("Value", "value1");
            Map header2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
            header2.put("Key", "key2");
            header2.put("Value", "value2");
            sets.add(header1);
            sets.add(header2);
            // 设置传到源站的Header。不管请求中是否携带这些指定的Header，回源时都会设置这些Header。
            mirrorHeaders.setSet(sets);
            // 指定回源时携带的Header。只有设置RedirectType为Mirror时才生效。
            rule.getRedirect().setMirrorHeaders(mirrorHeaders);

            routingRules.add(rule);
            request.setRoutingRules(routingRules);
            ossClient.setBucketWebsite(request);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

  • 获取镜像回源配置

    以下代码用于获取镜像回源配置：

    import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.BucketWebsiteResult;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            BucketWebsiteResult result = ossClient.getBucketWebsite(bucketName);
            result.getSubDirType();
            // 获取匹配并执行跳转规则或者镜像回源规则的序号。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getNumber());
            // 获取规则匹配的前缀。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getCondition().getKeyPrefixEquals());
            // 获取HTTP状态码。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getCondition().getHttpErrorCodeReturnedEquals());
            // 获取规则匹配的后缀。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getCondition().getKeySuffixEquals());
            // 获取跳转类型。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getRedirectType());
            // 获取携带的请求参数。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getMirrorPassQueryString());
            // 获取镜像回源的源站地址。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getMirrorURL());
            // 获取跳转时返回的状态码。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getHttpRedirectCode());
            // 获取透传指定的Header。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getMirrorHeaders().getPass().get(0));
            // 获取禁止透传指定的Header。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getMirrorHeaders().getRemove().get(0));
            // 获取跳转时的协议。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getProtocol());
            // 获取跳转时的域名。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getHostName());
            // 获取Redirect时Object名称的前缀替换值。如果前缀为空，则将这个字符串插入Object名称的前面。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getReplaceKeyPrefixWith());
            // 获取Redirect时Object名称通过ReplaceKeyWith指定的替换值，ReplaceKeyWith支持变量。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getReplaceKeyWith());
            // 获取跳转时返回的状态码。
            System.out.println(result.getRoutingRules().get(0).getRedirect().getHttpRedirectCode());
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

  • 删除镜像回源配置

    以下代码用于删除镜像回源配置：

    import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";        
        // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1（杭州）为例，Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
        String region = "cn-hangzhou";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
        clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);        
        OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
        .endpoint(endpoint)
        .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
        .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
        .region(region)               
        .build();

        try {
            // 填写Bucket名称。
            ossClient.deleteBucketWebsite(bucketName);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

相关文档

  • 关于静态网站托管以及镜像回源的完整示例代码，请参见GitHub示例。

  • 关于设置静态网站托管或者镜像回源的API接口说明，请参见PutBucketWebsite。

  • 关于获取静态网站托管或者镜像回源的API接口说明，请参见GetBucketWebsite。

  • 关于删除静态网站托管或者镜像回源的API接口说明，请参见DeleteBucketWebsite。

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