默认情况下,如果新添加文件与现有文件(Object)同名且对该文件有访问权限,则新添加的文件将覆盖原有的文件。本文介绍如何通过设置请求头x-oss-forbid-overwrite在简单上传、拷贝文件及分片上传等场景中禁止覆盖同名文件。
注意事项
本文以华东1(杭州)外网Endpoint为例。如果您希望通过与OSS同地域的其他阿里云产品访问OSS,请使用内网Endpoint。关于OSS支持的Region与Endpoint的对应关系,请参见OSS访问域名、数据中心、开放端口。
本文以从环境变量读取访问凭证为例。如何配置访问凭证,请参见Java配置访问凭证。
本文以OSS域名新建OSSClient为例。如果您希望通过自定义域名、STS等方式新建OSSClient,请参见新建OSSClient。
简单上传
以下代码用于简单上传时禁止覆盖同名文件:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。
String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
// 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
String bucketName = "examplebucket";
// 填写Object的完整路径。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。
String objectName = "exampledir/object";
String content = "Hello OSS!";
// 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1(杭州)为例,Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
String region = "cn-hangzhou";
// 创建OSSClient实例。
ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);
OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
.endpoint(endpoint)
.credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
.clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
.region(region)
.build();
try {
// 创建PutObjectRequest对象。
PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes()));
// 指定上传文件操作时是否覆盖同名Object。
// 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite时,默认覆盖同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为false时,表示允许覆盖同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为true时,表示禁止覆盖同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程序将报错。
ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);
// 上传文件。
ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ "such as not being able to access the network.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
}
}
拷贝文件
通过CopyObjectRequest拷贝
以下代码用于通过CopyObjectRequest拷贝小文件时禁止覆盖同名文件:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException; import com.aliyun.oss.OSS; import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException; import com.aliyun.oss.model.*; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。 String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"; // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。 EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider(); // 填写源Bucket名称。 String sourceBucketName = "srcexamplebucket"; // 填写源Object的完整路径,完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。 String sourceObjectName = "srcexampleobject.txt"; // 填写与源Bucket处于同一地域的目标Bucket名称。 String destinationBucketName = "desexamplebucket"; // 填写目标Object的完整路径。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。 String destinationObjectName = "desexampleobject.txt"; // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1(杭州)为例,Region填写为cn-hangzhou。 String region = "cn-hangzhou"; // 创建OSSClient实例。 ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration(); clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4); OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create() .endpoint(endpoint) .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider) .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration) .region(region) .build(); try { // 创建CopyObjectRequest对象。 CopyObjectRequest copyObjectRequest = new CopyObjectRequest(sourceBucketName, sourceObjectName, destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName); // 设置新的文件元数据。 ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata(); metadata.setContentType("text/html"); // 指定拷贝文件操作时是否覆盖同名Object。 // 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite时,默认覆盖同名Object // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为false时,表示允许覆盖同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为true时,表示禁止覆盖同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程序将报错。 metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true"); copyObjectRequest.setNewObjectMetadata(metadata); // 拷贝文件。 CopyObjectResult result = ossClient.copyObject(copyObjectRequest); System.out.println("ETag: " + result.getETag() + " LastModified: " + result.getLastModified()); } catch (OSSException oe) { System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, " + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage()); System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode()); System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId()); System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId()); } catch (ClientException ce) { System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered " + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, " + "such as not being able to access the network."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage()); } finally { if (ossClient != null) { ossClient.shutdown(); } } } }
拷贝大文件
以下代码用于拷贝大文件(分片拷贝)时禁止覆盖同名文件:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException; import com.aliyun.oss.OSS; import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder; import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException; import com.aliyun.oss.model.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。 String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"; // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。 EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider(); // 填写源Bucket名称。 String sourceBucketName = "srcexamplebucket"; // 填写源Object的完整路径,完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。 String sourceObjectName = "srcexampleobject.txt"; // 填写与源Bucket处于同一地域的目标Bucket名称。 String destinationBucketName = "desexamplebucket"; // 填写目标Object的完整路径。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。 String destinationObjectName = "desexampleobject.txt"; // 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1(杭州)为例,Region填写为cn-hangzhou。 String region = "cn-hangzhou"; // 创建OSSClient实例。 ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration(); clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4); OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create() .endpoint(endpoint) .credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider) .clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration) .region(region) .build(); try { ObjectMetadata objectMetadata = ossClient.getObjectMetadata(sourceBucketName, sourceObjectName); // 获取被拷贝文件的大小。 long contentLength = objectMetadata.getContentLength(); // 设置分片大小为10MB。 long partSize = 1024 * 1024 * 10; // 计算分片总数。 int partCount = (int) (contentLength / partSize); if (contentLength % partSize != 0) { partCount++; } System.out.println("total part count:" + partCount); // 初始化拷贝任务。可以通过InitiateMultipartUploadRequest指定目标文件元数据。 InitiateMultipartUploadRequest initiateMultipartUploadRequest = new InitiateMultipartUploadRequest(destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName); // 指定拷贝文件操作时是否覆盖同名Object。 // 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite时,默认覆盖同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为false时,表示允许覆盖同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为true时,表示禁止覆盖同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程序将报错。 ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata(); metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true"); initiateMultipartUploadRequest.setObjectMetadata(metadata); InitiateMultipartUploadResult initiateMultipartUploadResult = ossClient.initiateMultipartUpload(initiateMultipartUploadRequest); String uploadId = initiateMultipartUploadResult.getUploadId(); // 分片拷贝。 List<PartETag> partETags = new ArrayList<PartETag>(); for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) { // 计算每个分片的大小。 long skipBytes = partSize * i; long size = partSize < contentLength - skipBytes ? partSize : contentLength - skipBytes; // 创建UploadPartCopyRequest。可以通过UploadPartCopyRequest指定限定条件。 UploadPartCopyRequest uploadPartCopyRequest = new UploadPartCopyRequest(sourceBucketName, sourceObjectName, destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName); uploadPartCopyRequest.setUploadId(uploadId); uploadPartCopyRequest.setPartSize(size); uploadPartCopyRequest.setBeginIndex(skipBytes); uploadPartCopyRequest.setPartNumber(i + 1); UploadPartCopyResult uploadPartCopyResult = ossClient.uploadPartCopy(uploadPartCopyRequest); // 将返回的分片ETag保存到partETags中。 partETags.add(uploadPartCopyResult.getPartETag()); } // 完成分片拷贝任务。 CompleteMultipartUploadRequest completeMultipartUploadRequest = new CompleteMultipartUploadRequest( destinationBucketName, destinationObjectName, uploadId, partETags); // 指定拷贝文件操作时是否覆盖同名Object。 // 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite时,默认覆盖同名Object // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为false时,表示允许覆盖同名Object。 // 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为true时,表示禁止覆盖同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程序将报错。 completeMultipartUploadRequest.addHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true"); ossClient.completeMultipartUpload(completeMultipartUploadRequest); } catch (OSSException oe) { System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, " + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage()); System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode()); System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId()); System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId()); } catch (ClientException ce) { System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered " + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, " + "such as not being able to access the network."); System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage()); } finally { if (ossClient != null) { ossClient.shutdown(); } } } }
分片上传
以下代码用于分片上传时禁止覆盖同名文件:
import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。
String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
// 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
String bucketName = "examplebucket";
// 填写Object的完整路径。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。
String objectName = "exampledir/object";
// 填写Bucket所在地域。以华东1(杭州)为例,Region填写为cn-hangzhou。
String region = "cn-hangzhou";
// 创建OSSClient实例。
ClientBuilderConfiguration clientBuilderConfiguration = new ClientBuilderConfiguration();
clientBuilderConfiguration.setSignatureVersion(SignVersion.V4);
OSS ossClient = OSSClientBuilder.create()
.endpoint(endpoint)
.credentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
.clientConfiguration(clientBuilderConfiguration)
.region(region)
.build();
try {
// 创建InitiateMultipartUploadRequest对象。
InitiateMultipartUploadRequest request = new InitiateMultipartUploadRequest(bucketName, objectName);
// 指定分片上传操作时是否覆盖同名Object。
// 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite时,默认覆盖同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为false时,表示允许覆盖同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为true时,表示禁止覆盖同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程序将报错。
ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
metadata.setHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
request.setObjectMetadata(metadata);
// 初始化分片。
InitiateMultipartUploadResult upresult = ossClient.initiateMultipartUpload(request);
// 返回uploadId,它是分片上传事件的唯一标识,您可以根据这个ID来发起相关的操作,如取消分片上传、查询分片上传等。
String uploadId = upresult.getUploadId();
// partETags是PartETag的集合。PartETag由分片的ETag和分片号组成。
List<PartETag> partETags = new ArrayList<PartETag>();
// 计算文件有多少个分片。
final long partSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024L; // 1MB
final File sampleFile = new File("<localFile>");
long fileLength = sampleFile.length();
int partCount = (int) (fileLength / partSize);
if (fileLength % partSize != 0) {
partCount++;
}
// 遍历分片上传。
for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
long startPos = i * partSize;
long curPartSize = (i + 1 == partCount) ? (fileLength - startPos) : partSize;
InputStream instream = new FileInputStream(sampleFile);
// 跳过已经上传的分片。
instream.skip(startPos);
UploadPartRequest uploadPartRequest = new UploadPartRequest();
uploadPartRequest.setBucketName(bucketName);
uploadPartRequest.setKey(objectName);
uploadPartRequest.setUploadId(uploadId);
uploadPartRequest.setInputStream(instream);
// 设置分片大小。除了最后一个分片没有大小限制,其他的分片最小为100KB。
uploadPartRequest.setPartSize(curPartSize);
// 设置分片号。每一个上传的分片都有一个分片号,取值范围是1~10000,如果超出这个范围,OSS将返回InvalidArgument的错误码。
uploadPartRequest.setPartNumber( i + 1);
// 每个分片不需要按顺序上传,甚至可以在不同客户端上传,OSS会按照分片号排序组成完整的文件。
UploadPartResult uploadPartResult = ossClient.uploadPart(uploadPartRequest);
// 每次上传分片之后,OSS的返回结果会包含一个PartETag。PartETag将被保存到partETags中。
partETags.add(uploadPartResult.getPartETag());
}
// 创建CompleteMultipartUploadRequest对象。
// 完成分片上传操作时,需要提供所有有效的partETags。OSS收到提交的partETags后,会逐一验证每个分片的有效性。当所有的数据分片验证通过后,OSS将把这些分片组合成一个完整的文件。
CompleteMultipartUploadRequest completeMultipartUploadRequest =
new CompleteMultipartUploadRequest(bucketName, objectName, uploadId, partETags);
// 指定分片上传操作时是否覆盖同名Object。
// 不指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite时,默认覆盖同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为false时,表示允许覆盖同名Object。
// 指定x-oss-forbid-overwrite为true时,表示禁止覆盖同名Object,如果同名Object已存在,程序将报错。
completeMultipartUploadRequest.addHeader("x-oss-forbid-overwrite", "true");
// 完成上传。
CompleteMultipartUploadResult completeMultipartUploadResult = ossClient.completeMultipartUpload(completeMultipartUploadRequest);
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ "such as not being able to access the network.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
}
}
相关文档
关于在各类上传场景中禁止覆盖同名文件的完整示例代码,请参见GitHub示例。
关于在简单上传的API接口说明,请参见PutObject。
关于拷贝文件的API接口说明,请参见CopyObject。
关于分片上传的API接口说明,请参见InitiateMultipartUpload以及CompleteMultipartUpload。
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